the AttacJcs of Insects and Fungi. 239 
One form of moth guard is shown in Fig. 10. 
Fig. 10.— a moth guard. Fig. 11.— Section of moth guard 
This guard is a girdle of tin with a wide rim turned up round 
inside. It is fastened to strong linen or sacking, and fixed round 
the tree by a cord, to which the linen or sacking is sewn. 
Another kind of guard (Fig. 
12) is much used in the United 
States. It is made of wood or of 
tin. 
These preventive measures will 
also be of use as regards several 
other insects which ascend fruit- 
trees, particularly the caterpillars 
of the Codlin moth {Garpocapsa 
pomonella), and the female of the 
apple bud weevil (Anthonomus 
pomorum), which ascends the trees 
for egg-laying. 
Banding fruit-trees with sticky Fig. 12.- Another moth gunrd, 
or greasy substances is largely 
adopted in the United States, in Canada, and in this country to 
entrap climbing insects. This must be done early, quite by the 
end of October, in order to prevent the female winter moths 
from going up the trees, and the bands must be attended to until 
Christmastide. This practice has been found of the greatest 
benefit by many fruit growers, and should be adopted and 
thoroughly carried out in all infested localities. 
The best material for this purpose is axle-grease, or cart- 
grease, composed of oil of resin and carbonate of lime, as this does 
