244 
Metlwds of Preventing and ChecJchuj 
They must not be put on fruit-trees or fruit-bushes whose fruit 
approaches ripeness. In the cases of currant bushes, and goose- 
berry bushes especially, whose fruit is often picked when small 
and green, it would be dangerous to apply them after the fruit 
has formed. When orchard-trees have been sprayed animals 
must not be turned in for some long time. Where cabbages, 
broccoli, lettuces, &c., 
are grown under fruit- 
trees it would be dan- 
gerous to use poisonous 
Avashes, as the folds of 
the vegetables would 
retain them. 
Paris Green and 
London Purple are put 
on with machines hav- 
ing strong force-pumps 
and nozzles suitable for 
distributing liquid in 
the form of dense mist 
all over the leaves. 
The Eclair has 
been found to answer 
well for spraying trees of moderate heiglit and for all fruit- 
bu.shes. The modes of using it for these are indicated by Figs. 
14. 
the fine distribution of liquids 
Fur lateral spra.viug. 
13 and 
For 
there can be no better 
nozzle than that 
known as the Ver- 
morel nozzle. In 
this nozzle the liquid 
is driven through a 
small orifice quite 
at the side of the 
globular chambers, 
and forced up in 
spray through an 
aperture in the 
centre of the face or cap as shown at c. Fig. 15 shows a 
recent alteration in tliis nozzle, giving two globular chambers 
so ingeniously adjusted that the direction of the spray can lie 
changed by moving the screw cap A, without interference with 
the flow of liciuid. Tlie outer chamber is fitted witli 
valve, which being pressed at It Ibrci^s a pin up 
orifice and rcniovs any obstruction. 
Fici. 15. — Tlic Vcrmorel nozzle. 
HDanzer. 
a spring 
through the cap 
