250 
Methods of Preventing and Ghecldng 
up over tliem in damp weather. lu a short time, if this ha3 
been thoroughly done, the mosses and lichens will dry up and fall 
off. This operation can be performed by men having flour-scoops 
tied to poles. 
Powdered hellebore is very efficacious against the gooseberry 
sawfly (Nematiis rihesii) if put on in damp weather. Care must 
be taken with this, as it is most poisonous. The bushes should 
not be dusted when the berries are formed. This can be put on 
with the soufflet (Fig. G, page 235).' 
Hellebore may also be used as a solution and applied with 
the Eclair or other " Knapsack machines. 
For the red maggots of the raspberry moth (Tjamfronia 
ruhiella) which have done extraordinary harm to raspbei'ry 
growers this spring, lime was put on with an adapted sulphu- 
rator, but without much good. This moth appears in June, 
and where it has been plentiful it will be well to cut the canes 
back close and burn every particle. 
Thick soft soap and sulphur dressings,^ with paraffin added, 
may be brushed on the stems of black currant trees infested 
with the currant mite (Phijioptus ribis), whose mischief is rapidly 
spreading. The dressing should be well worked into the stems 
with a brush after the bushes have been pruned in the autumn. 
In very bad cases it would pay to cut all the wood back close, 
and burn every vestige of it, and work the soft-soap mixtures 
into the stem. The distorted leaves, or galls, which show upon 
the currant bushes should be picked off. 
In the case of a bad attack of a weevil {OtiorJi ijnclius sulaitus) 
upon young apple and cherry trees, round the tips of whose 
leading shoots it had gnawed off the bark, it was found that a 
dressing of very thick soft soap and paraffin preparation put 
round the stems quite prevented the insect from climbing ^up 
the tree. A very little is sufficient, and it is important that it 
should not be renewed in the same place, or the bark may be 
injured. These weevils have been very abundant this season, 
particularly in raspberry plantations. They can only be caught 
by tarred boards held under the canes at night while they are 
feeding. As they are in the ground by day, hoeing or digging 
frequently would move them. Lime dug in might be useful. 
' I'sent a soufHet to Mr. Albert Pell, wlio was anxious to find a machine to 
apply hellebore to (ihcck the fjooscbcrry sawlly in Canihridjresliire. Mr. I'cll 
writes : " You will .see by (he enclosed card that the soulllet is the right tool, 
as I felt sure it would prove to be." 
Messrs. Burford, of Cliiswick, have prepared a comjiound of soft soap and 
sulphur, in which tlx; sulphur appears to be fairly dissolved and incorporated- 
with the soap. Miss Orineiod reconiniends this coinjKisition. 
