334 
Sagar-Beet Gidtivation in Austria. 
made both to follow and precede a corn crop. Clover or " seeds " 
should not precede beet, for although the roots grow to a large 
size and yield well after clover-seeds, they remain poor in sugar 
and take up too much saline matter from the decomposing re- 
mains of the preceding crop. Beet is usually followed by spi-ing 
wheat. All experience points to the fact that repeated sowing 
of beet on the same land is ruinous to the cultivator, even 
where immense quantities of farmyard manure are applied, and 
where a return is made to the land of all the constituents taken 
from it by the beet. 
At Lundenburg, the following two soits of rotations were 
found, one applied to the heavier soils, and the other to the 
lighter soils. 
Heavier Soils. 
(a) Winter or summer wlieat, with 
dung. 
(b) Sugar-beet with artificial ma- 
nures, 
(c) Barley. 
(d) Rye or Lucerne. 
Lighter Soils, 
(a) Ilye, with dung. 
(b) Sugar-beet, with artificial ma- 
nures. 
(c) Barley or Oats. 
At Wischau the rotations were found to be more elastic 
and to be varied according to circumstances, although alterna- 
tions were carefully observed. The most common rotations are : 
I. (1) Autumn-sown cereals, (2) Sugar-beet, (3) Barley^ (4) Sugar-beet, 
(5) Barley, (0) Clove]', Peas, &c. 
II. (1) Autumn-sown cereals, (2) Sugar-beet, (•'>) Barley, (4) Clover. 
III. (1) Autumn-sown cereals (2) Sugar-beet, (3) Barley, (4) Sugar beet 
for seed, (5) Autumn-sown cereals (6) Sugar-beet, (7) Clover. 
IV. (1) Wheat, (2) Sugar-beet, (3) Barley, (4) I'eas, (5) Autumn Rye, 
(6) Sugar-beet, (7) Barley, (8) Sainfoin, (9) Sainfoin and sometimes (10) 
Sainfoin. 
"The fundamental principle of the cultivation," says M. 
Gustav Skutezky, the manager of this estate, " is to grow by 
judicious alternations those plants which promise the greatest 
yields. We abandon the regular fixed rotation after due con- 
sideration of the weather and the preparedness of the soil, in 
cases where the sowing cannot be made tuider the most advan- 
tageovts conditions." 
Varieties of Beet mostly in use. 
All kinds of sugar-beets are botanically identical with the 
common garden beet, Beta vuhjaris. The differences in varie-- 
ties have arisen by reason of special selection and culture, pro- 
ducing a pure strain of some valuable peculiarity in the beet. 
