Svgar-Beet Cultivation in Austria. 
337 
predominance of fibrous or sugar-bearing tissue, which gives 
to the flesh a greyisli tint. Its appearance is well shown 
in Fig. 2. Two qualities of high value which it possesses are 
those of not deteriorating under conditions which are habitu- 
ally injurious to the richness of sugar-beets (such as acid soils, 
the application of certain manures, and the like) and its ex- 
cellent keeping qualities. Where several varieties of beet are 
grown, it is often the practice to reserve the Vilmorin beets to 
be pulped last, as being those that lose and spoil the least by 
keeping. 
The other variety of beet which is most extensively culti- 
vated, particularly in Germany and Austria, is the Klein- 
Wanzleben — so called 
from the town (near 
Magdeburg) where its 
seed is chiefly cultivated. 
This has a straight, coni- 
cal root, often large at 
the top and rapidly 
tapering (see Fig. 3). 
It is distinguished from 
the Vilmorin variety by 
the clearer and paler 
colour of its leaves. It 
succeeds best in alluvial 
soils of moderate fer- 
tility, and in the plains ; 
in lands very rich in 
humus, it ripens badly, 
and loses much of its 
richness. Under suit- 
able conditions of cli- Fig. S.-The Klein.Wuuzleben beet. 
mate, it yields an even 
more luxuriant crop than the Vilmorin, giving easily 14 tons 
in ordinary soils, and exceeding IG tons in very favourable 
circumstances. Up to as much as 15 to 16 per cent, of sugar 
is obtainable from it, and under specially favourable circum- 
stances even more. 
At Wischau, Klein-AVanzleben was found to be the variety 
chiefly used, as uniting a high polarisation to a satisfactory 
yield per acre. Herr Skntezky said that, " in view of the 
sugar-tax, the selection of Klein-Wanzleben is made in con- 
sideration of these two incomparable qualities, as it is necessary 
to satisfy both manufaciurers and cultivators." 
In the paper by Dr. Augustus Voelcker, already alluded to 
