Field Exp&rimenis at Wohum in 1&30 and 1890. 369 
tion 4, the average produce was 45 bushels. That the season mainly, 
and not alone the exhausting effect of the crops grown and removed, 
has caused the lowering to 25 bushels, is shown by the much higher 
produce obtained on Rotation 1 in 1890. 
Barley. — This crop followed roots. Over one half of the 
rotation mangel was grown without manure, and was carted off 
the land entirely. On the other half swedes were grown with 3 cwt. 
of mineral superphosphate per acre to insure a crop, and after 
weighing the produce, a portion (viz. '1\ tons per acre in 1888, and 
7 tons per acre in 1889, as well as all the leaves,) of the crop was 
removed from each plot, so as not to enrich the land too much, and 
the remainder (about 6 tons per acre) was fed off by sheep during 
the winter as follows : — 
Plot 1 , with 400 lb. decorticated cotton-cake per acre. 
Plot 2, with 100 lb. maize-nieal per acre. 
Plots 3 and 4, without purchased foods, but to the barley were subsequently 
applied artificial manures estimated to be equivalent to the cotton-cake 
and maize-meal dung respectively. 
The sheep had also a little wheat-straw chaff (1 cwt. per acre) 
given to them when feeding off the roots. 
After ploughing up the land, barley — 8 pecks per acre — was 
drilled in spring (March 16 in 1889, and April 2 in 1890), red clover 
being sown over the plots early in May. The manures representing 
the artificial equivalents of the cotton-cake and maize-meal dung 
were applied to plots 3 and 4, the mineral portion at the time of 
sowing the barley, and the nitrogenous portion (in the form of 
nitrate of soda) when the corn was Avell up. The crop was cut and 
harvested August 14-30 in each year. The results are given in 
Table V., page 370. 
It is the barley crop immediately following the consumption of 
cake and meal on the land with roots that has given the best indi- 
cation, so far, of differences of manurial value between the cotton- 
cake and maize. But neither in 1889 nor 1890 is this as marked 
as before. Where artificial equivalents to these foods have been 
used the distinctions are clear, both in the plots of 1889 and of 1890. 
The plots 1 and 2 of 1889 seem, however, to give anomalous 
results, which may possibly be due in great part to the difficulty 
of manuring evenly with sheep when going over the land. 
With the exception of these two plots, there are the same dis- 
tinctions that have been previously observed in favour of cotton- 
cake and its artificial equivalent, as against maize-meal and its 
equivalent — as also between the manured and unmanured halves 
of the rotation. 
Jioots. — Mangel seed, 6 lb. per acre, was drilled over one half 
(the unmanured) of the rotation, on April 29 in both 1889 and 
1890, and on the manured half, 3 lb. of swede seed per acre were 
drilled early in June with 3 cwt. of mineral supeiphosphate to 
ensure a crop. The mangel produced a fair crop, especially in 1890, 
the roots being ready to pull on October 10, but only by November 1, 
