380 
Field Experiments conducted in 1889 and 1890 
Manures used for Mangel in 1888 
Average yield per acre 
No manure (2 plots) 
Dung, 12 tons per acre .... 
I Dung, with artificials, excluding ni- \ 
I trate of soda (3 plots) .... J 
f Dung, with 2 cwt. per acre nitrate \ 
of soda, and with or without [ 
^ other artificials (4 plots) . . . ' 
■Dung, 7rith i cwt. per acre nitrate ■) 
of soda, and with or without other 
' artificial? (4 plots) ' 
Nitrate of soda, 4 cwt. per acre,\ 
with or without other artificials, - 
■ but without dung ■' 
1888 
Mangel 
1889 
Oats 
Grain 
Straw 
tons 
cwt. 
qr. 
bushels 
tons 
cwt. 
qr. 
14 
10 
3 
52-8 
1 
8 
2 
14 
19 
0 
653 
1 
15 
0 
1 7 
1 7 
n 
\j 
1 
X 
o 
O 
19 
2 
2 
68-5 
1 
18 
5 
21 
6 
3 
770 
1 
18 
0 
17 
19 
2 
66-3 
1 
14 
0 
[N'ote. — The artificials other than nitrate of soda "were : — 
Superphosphate 3 cwt., basic cinder 4 cwt., guano 2 cwt., 4 cwt., 
and 6 cwt. per acre.] 
The plots without dung, but with artificial dressings, each includ- 
ing 4 cwt. of nitrate of soda per acre, gave, on an average, 3^ tons 
of mangel, about lOh bushels of oats, and 5 cwt. more straw per 
acre than the average of the unmanured plots. These results clearly 
confirm the experience arrived at in the two preceding years on this 
farm — viz., that the heavy manuring of mangel with artificials does 
not injuriously affect the land for the next crop. 
A table is given in the Report showing the cost of the manures, 
and of the increase in crops due to them. Reckoning roots at 10s. 
per ton, oats at 2s. a bushel, and straw at 21. per ton, it appears that, 
if dung be charged at 5s. per ton, the only profits shown in the two 
years are where artificials were used, dung alone making a loss. 
Dung and 4 cwt. nitrate of soda made a profit of 21. Is. per acre ; 
dung and 2 cwt. guano, a profit of 3/. 4s. 6d. The heavy dressing 
of 4 cwt. guano and 4 cwt. nitrate, in addition to dung, gave a loss. 
On the undunged plots, 4 cwt. nitrate of soda alone gave a total 
profit of 1/. 3s. 5c?., the addition of phosphatic manures bringing the 
profit up to II. 15s. 6(/. 
The results, taken with those of previous years, seem to point out 
that dung, as regards its effect on the two crops, is too dearly v;{lued 
at 5». per ton as a fertiliser ; although, as will be seen in the following 
account of the 1889 mangel experiments, dung has, sometimes, other 
and not less valual)le functions than those of a mere fertiliser. 
B. — ^The experiments on mangel were carried out on a gravelly 
loam containing abundance of lime in the form of chalk-stones. It 
was in another part of the field used for the experiments of 1887. 
The manures were this time restricted to dung, Peru^•ian guano of 
cheap (jualifcy, and nitrate of soda. The guano was applied before 
sowiim, and when 4 cwt. of nitrate were used, 1 cwt. was sown 
before the seed, the remainder in three top-dressings of 1 cwt. each, at 
