500 The Trials of Cream Separators at Boncaster. 
1887, an improved "Laval" machine was shown, known as the 
"Laval Al," and capable of separating 90 gallons per hour; 
also a " Laval " worked by a steam turbine, and called the 
" turbine cream separator." This latter is figured and described 
in the Journal, vol. xxiv. (1888), p. 208. 
At the Nottingham Show in 1888 a new machine, the first 
of British construction, the " Victoria," was introduced. It was 
exhibited by Freeth & Pocock, and manufactured by Watson, 
Laidlaw & Co., Glasgow. The chief features of the " Victona" 
were, that it was a self-skimming machine, emptied itself com- 
pletely, and was easily cleaned. The wheels imparting the 
motion were arranged on the sun-and-planet type. It met with 
favourable notice from the J udges of Implements, and is figured 
in the Journal, vol. xxv. (1889), p. 99. At this same Show 
further improvements were exhibited, especially in the form of 
"heaters" for warming the whole-milk before going into the 
separator, and the skim-milk as well after separation. The 
" Victoria " machine was also exhibited at the Newport show 
of the Bath and West of England Society the same year ; on. 
trial, it left only "11 per cent, of butter-fat in the skim-milk. 
The Danish (Nielsen-Petersen) and " Laval Al " machines were 
also exhibited here. 
At the Windsor Show in 1889 the "Laval Al " was again 
exhibited, and also a new power machine, the " Alexandra," 
manufactured by Koefoed &Hanbergof Copenhagen, and shown 
by R. A. Lister & Co., Dursley. The " Alexandra " is figured 
and described in the Journal, vol. xxv. (1889), p. 530. 
In a competition for a gold and a silver medal offered by the 
Bath and West of England Society at Exeter in 1889, five 
power machines entered, comprising the " Laval Al," the 
"Turbine Cream Separator," the " Victoria " (two sizes), and 
Lister's "Alexandra." The weights of butter produced from 
equal quantities of cream were almost alike, and the skim-milk 
in each case contained but little butter-fat. The principal 
results obtained were : — 
" Laval Al " 
" Turbine 
Separator " 
" Oscar " 
" Victoria " 
(small^ 
" Victoria" 
(large) 
" Alerandra" 
Time occupied in 
separating 300 
lb. milk . . . 
Butter obtained on 
churning . . . 
Butter-fat in skim- 
milk .... 
20 mins. 
24 lb. 8 oz. 
•15 per 
cent. 
18 mins. 
24 lb. 10 oz. 
•10 per 
cent. 
39 mins. 
24 lb. 8 oz. 
•16 per 
cent. 
20 mins" 
24 lb. 8i oz. 
•08 per 
cent. 
18 mins. 
23 lb. Hi oz. 
•17 per 
cent. 
