The TnaU of Cream Separators at Doncaster. 
501 
The Judges, while allowing that there was very little, if 
anything, to choose between the machines, awarded the gold 
medal to the " Laval Al," as showing the most important 
points in practical working, and gave the silver medal to 
Lister's " Alexandra," for ingenuity and simplicity of construc- 
tion. 
Lastly, at the Plymouth Show of the Royal Agricultural 
Society in 1890 the " Alexandra " separator was shown, with 
an improvement in the shape of a " heater " for the milk before 
passing into the separator. 
Hand Machines. 
These first made their appearance at the Newcastle Show 
of 1887, when a prize was offered for a one-man -power 
separator. For this, three machines entered, viz. a " Laval " 
vertical hand separator, a " Laval " horizontal machine (both 
the exhibits of the Dairy Supply Company), and a " Danish " 
(Burmeister & Wain's) hand separator (exhibited by the Ayles- 
bury Dairy Company). The last-named was injured and did 
not compete, so the prize was left to the two " Lavals," of which 
the vertical one was adjudged the best, it separating 23J gallons 
of milk in the hour, and appearing to be within the power of 
one man, while the horizontal machine, probably through some 
mal-adjustment, seemed to be beyond one man's capability. 
These machines were similar in principle to the power machines 
already described, and merely smaller in size and different in 
pattern. The vertical hand " Laval " is described and figured 
in the Journal, vol. xxiv. (1888), p. 199. The horizontal 
machine was subsequently improved and is now known as the 
" Windsor." 
In the same year, at the Dorchester Show of the Bath and 
West of England Society, the same three machines appeared. 
Once more something went amiss with the Danish separator, 
and, though in the trial there was little to choose between 
the two " Lavals," the Judges gave the gold medal to the vertical 
machine as being simpler and more easily cleaned than the 
horizontal. Both machines are figured and described in the 
Journal of the Bath and West of England Society, vol. xix. 
(188 7-8) , pp. G-8 . The chief results were :— 
Vertical " Laval " 
Horizontal " Laval" 
Gallons of milk separated per hour . . 
25 gallons 
■14 per cent. 
.S5 gallons 
•17 per cent. 
