The Farm Prize Competition of 1891. 
549 
Judges, so Dr. Voelcker was asked to report upon them, which 
he kindly did, and the analyses, &c., are given below. 
The first, " sud-cake manure," was found to be the solid 
refuse resulting from the process of washing the foreign wools at 
Messrs. Isaac Holden & Sons' Mills, where there are about 
60 tons per week to dispose of. Large quantities, a boat-load 
or over, were spread upon the grass-land, and its frequent 
application had no doubt in the course of years much improved 
the face of the fields. Its condition was admirable for even 
distribution. 
The second sample, " fleshings manure," is a refuse from 
tanneries or glue works, being composed of portions of skins 
and hair, and also lime which had been used to loosen the latter. 
This manure had a very good appearance, but was so very 
difiicult to spread and knock to pieces, besides having a most 
abominable smell, that unless it can be put out in a better form, 
its use will not become general. 
Very large dressings on one farm were spread upon the 
fallows and ploughed in. Two cart-loads were thrown on about 
one rood of mixed seeds for mowing, and the visible result was 
certainly very great, the produce appearing to be almost 
doubled. It is but fair to say that the seeds had been pastured 
somewhat too late, and no doubt the sheep would reject the 
manured portion. The opinion resulting from the report of the 
Consulting Chemist of the Society is not too favourable to the use 
of such bulky and cheap materials, good straw manure being 
recommended in preference if it can be obtained easily. 
The composition of the two samples was given as : — 
Flesliiugs Sud-cake 
manure manure 
Moisture 4278 27-59 
' Organic matter 38-44 15-88 
Phosphate of lime — 1-19 
Carbonate of lime — 4-07 
Sulphate of lime 12-49 — 
Oxide of iron 1-93 — 
Sand 4-36 51-27 
100-00 100-00 
' Containing nitrogen . . . 3-22 1-52 
Equal to ammonia . . . . . 3 91 1-85 
Amusing inquiries had occasionally to be made in the walks 
through the fields in order to obtain a free translation of sundry 
words used, the Judges, hailing from Norfolk and Lincolnshire, 
as well as the Yorkshiremen, all giving and taking slight ex- 
planations as required. For instance, a nice little shed in the 
fields is a " tuffil " ; then there was not sqfficieiit rooni to sea] " 
