606 
The Diamond-hack Moth. 
leaves affected by some caterpillars, some of the worst part sent ; 
the crop was sown early and is very forward, but the whole of some 
three acres affected." 
Lcinmshire. — Specimens of the same kind of attack were also 
sent me by Mr. Thos. Fair from tlie Estate Offices, Lytham, Lanca- 
shire, with information sent shortly after (on Aug. 13) that three 
statute acres of turnips had been rendered quite useless by the attack. 
The above notes show the infestation as to some degree present 
in the western counties, though later in date, and, so far as recorded, 
at very few localities ; and thus the observations circle down the 
east coast and up the western country till we return to the North of 
England, where attack was excessively prevalent. 
NortliiimhcrJand. — On July 22, swede leaves so badly injured 
by the caterpillars as to be " muslined," i.e. reduced to a mere thin 
film of the upper cuticle of the leaf, were forwarded me from 
Goswick, Beal, E..S.O., by Mr. L. Morley Grossman. 
A note was also sent me by Mr. Henry Annett, from the Gottage, 
Widdrington, Northumberland, with caterpillars of the diamond- 
back of various ages and colours, and also injured leafage, mentioning 
that large areas of turnips were apparently being ruined in the 
district by means of this caterpillar. 
Samples of the diamond-back moth, as well as the caterpillars, 
were forwarded me on July 24 from Wai-en House, Belford, by Mr. 
J. Burdon Sanderson, with the observation that tlie caterpillars were 
taking the swedes and turnips in this county wlioleaale, some fields 
being almost left as if no turnips had ever been there. They were 
also on some of the writer's kohl rabi and drum-head cabbages. 
At the same date as the above, Messrs. S. Finney and Co., 
Newcastle-on-Tyne, forwarded diamond back caterpillars with the 
following account of the widespread ravage then going forward : — 
" We beg to enclose you some specimens of a caterpillar which 
the last few days has almost entirely eaten up the crops of turnips 
and swedes ; it has also attacked cauliflower and savoy plants ; it 
seems to extend all along the sea-coast to beyond Berwick-on-Tweed, 
and to go inland above five miles ; the first indication was the 
appearance of small white winged insects, the size of the house 
moth. It is painful to see large sturdy turnip plants riddled like a 
sieve, wither, and die." 
Information was also placed in my hands by Mr. Fenwick 
Wilson, of Marden, Whitley, which is given under the headings of 
the points referred to, with that of other contributors, in reply to 
my circular, and also under headings of observations, of great 
appearances of moths preceding attack. 
Scotland. 
Bertvickshire. — On July 21, Mr. Jas. Gibson, writing from Gun- 
green, Eyemouth," N.B., mentioned that an unusual pest had 
recently fixed on tlie turnip crop in that particular part of Eastern 
