The Relations of the Diseases of Animals to those of Man. 639 
opinion " that, for carrying out any efficient system of milk inspec- 
tion, and of inhibiting the sale of milk considered to be dangerous, a 
system of compensation would have to be devised, so as to prevent 
dairymen whose milk supply was stopped from suffering severe loss." 
As regards the inspection of meat and its relation to the preven- 
tion of disease, the same difficulties are met with as in the case of 
milk, and the same regulations and compensations must necessarily, 
in the long run, be applied. In this matter we have much to learn 
from Continental authorities, whose rules (modelled greatly on the 
experience gained from the lieneficent working of the Hebrew re- 
ligious legislation, as regards meat and milk, on the health and 
physique of the Jews) have even now been attended with most satis- 
factory results. 
Passing from the general to the special, the discussion on " Tuber- 
culosis " before the combined Sections II. and III., under the presi- 
dency of Sir Joseph Lister, came in very opportunely. That there 
is grave danger arising from the use of tuberculous milk must 
be accepted as proved without any shadow of doubt. As regards 
infection of the digestive tract through ingestion of meat from tuber- 
culous animals there was more variety of opinion ; but from the 
general tone of the discussion it was gathered that there undoubt- 
edly exists a danger — a danger, however, which has been considerably 
exaggerated, but one which requires that precautions should be taken 
in order that stock-feeders, dairy farmers, and others should know 
exactly what is expected of them, and in order, too, that public con- 
fidence may be restored. Here, again, registration, inspection, wise 
and well regulated confiscation, with some scheme of compensation 
I either by assisted mutual insurance, which would be the preferable 
form, as we might then rely that the slightly increased cost would 
eventually fall upon the consumer, or out of local rates or Imperial 
taxes), are required — a system of confiscation and compensation which 
would prove equitable to breeders and cattle-dealers alike, and would 
consequently secure their co-operation and support in rendering 
effective any regulations that might be framed. 
From the discussion on "Actinomycosis " it may be gathered that 
this disease is not tb be placed in the same category as tuberculosis. 
It is seldom trajismissible directly from animals to man or from man 
to animals, and in many cases the appearance of actinomycotic wens, 
of wooden tongue, and the like, appears to have little influence in 
deteriorating the quality of the food derived from the infected 
animals, except in the general way that all suppuration bi-ings about 
such deterioration. It was pointed out that the disease might have 
a common origin for both animals and man, that it was generally 
transmitted by means of fodder — especially by means of straw — • 
though it was generally agreed that we have still much to learn about 
the history and development of the organism which appears to give 
rise to the disease ; Mr. Goodall suggesting that a careful investiga- 
tion of the diseases communicable from the vegetable to the animal 
world would be productive of very fruitful results. 
M. Chauveau's and Professor Duguid's papers on "Anthrax" were 
