850 
Anmial Report for 1891 of the 
produce, as to Tea, Rice, Cocoanuts, <tc., and a most extraordinary 
and injurious outburst of flies, which proved on skilled identifica- 
tion to be of the same kind as our English " Blue-bottles," in the 
Falkland Islands. I have also been in correspondence with the 
leading Official Entomologists in Canada and the United States 
and elsewhere, as occasion required. 
With regard to the crop insect attacks of the past season, I 
should say that the year has been remarkable for almost all the 
commonly known infestations being more or less present — that is 
to say, that taking such crops as Turnip, Cabbage, Mangel, 
Mustard, and to some extent Corn, most of the common attacks 
were represented, and many kinds of fruit insects were also present. 
Besides applications regarding these infestations, there were many 
incidental inquiries respecting less well known and less injurious 
insects. The experience of the year has in no way justified the 
hope expressed by some early in the season, that " the cold would 
have killed the grubs." 
The great attack of the year has been that of the Diamoxd- 
BACK Moth (Plutella cruciferarum of Zeller), which I have already 
reported on in the Journal of the Society (Vol. II. Part III. pp. 
596-630) up to about the middle of August, when the worst was 
over. Since then (that is, between the 6th and 25th of October) I 
received reports from about fourteen difierent observers as to the 
amount of recovery of their crops after the infestation. 
From near Doncaster to so far north as Berwick-on-Tweed mosf 
of the observers noted the state by such expressions as " sufiered 
little," "capital crop," "worked out satisfactorily," or the more 
doubtful commendation of " leafage good " or " very vigorous leaf- 
age ; " but on crossing the Border a decided loss on bulb growth was 
noted. 
In Berwickshire the farmers inquired of concurred in the view 
of the turnips looking splendid, but being behind in bulbing, owing 
to the check ; farther north, in Fife, two observers respectively re- 
ported, in one instance that the turnips improved after the rains, 
but in many instances were not bulbing well, and in the other that 
the early turnips were a fair crop, but the later " were a lot of leaves, 
but the bulbs small." Farther north still, from near Carnoustie, in 
Forfarshire, the leafage was repoi'ted as " extravagantly luxuriant," 
but the bulbs half size. 
Attack of Mangel Fly {Anthomyia heice) was more reported 
than in any year since its first great appearance in 1880, when it 
was especially hurtful in Westmoreland and Cumberland. In the 
present year the attacks appeared at various localities in the 
Midland counties, and in the south and west, but more particularly 
in Devonshire. The best methods of prevention and remedy have 
proved, as before noticed, to be good cultivation beforehand and 
(when the' attack is present) the application of stimulating dressings, 
such as nitrate of soda, to carry the crop through the time whilst 
the maggot is in the leaf. 
