The Agricultural Holdings {England) Act, 1883. 43 
not only that, but all other interests subsequent to his ; but that 
when the landlord has less than a freehold interest, that is, 
where, in a technical sense, he " is himself a tenant of the hold- 
ing," the charge must not extend beyond the term for which his 
interest extends (§ 30). Or, in a less technical and more obvious 
sense, the section may merely mean that when a landlord has a 
farm in hand, and may thus be regarded as "himself a tenant 
of the holding," his power of creating a charge shall be strictly 
limited to his own interest. The same provision was enacted 
in 1875. 
Trustees, or other non-beneficiary landlords, are not person- 
ally responsible for any compensation, and a tenant cannot 
recover from them. They can charge the holding with the 
amount due to the tenant either before or after paying him. In 
the event of their neglect or failure to pay, he can, one month 
after quitting the holding, go to the County Court, and, " on 
proof of his title to have a charge made in his favour," obtain a 
charge on the holding, for himself, his executors, administrators, 
and assigns, for this amount, together with " all costs properly 
incurred by him in obtaining the charge, or in raising the 
amount due thereunder" (§ 31). If an appeal is pending, the 
tenant would of course be unable to prove his title. It ap- 
pears to be contemplated that tenants will generally raise the 
amount due, assigning the charge for purposes of repayment. 
Indeed, § 32 gives facilities with this oljject both to landlords 
and tenants, as in the Act of 1875, by allowing any company 
empowered to advance money for the improvement of land, to 
take an assignment of any charge made under the Act, upon 
such terms and conditions as may be agreed, and afterwards to 
assign it " to any person or persons whomsoever." The inter- 
vention of the land improvement companies may be convenient 
and useful in many cases ; but the statutory security afforded by 
these charges ought to make them easily marketable. 
Notice to Quit. 
Time of Notice to Quit (§ 33). — This section, applicable to 
tenancies from year to year, aims at the same object as was con- 
templated by the corresponding provision in 1875. Instead of 
a half-year's notice expiring with a year of tenancy, it substitutes 
a year's notice, unless the landlord and tenant agree in writing 
that § 33 shall not apply, in which case a half-year's notice will 
continue to be sufficient. In the case of tenants who are adjudged 
bankrupt, or who file petitions for composition or arrangement 
with creditors, § 33 does not apply, and the trustee in bank- 
ruptcy may at once disclaim. In the Act of 1875 either party 
