Tlie Farm-Prize Competition, 1884. 589 
his strong land, but allows the grass land to get a good face on it. 
All the corn-crops were most promising. Mangolds were forward, 
but gappy. Fences were neatly trimmed, and ditches brushed out. 
All the grass from such sources is given to the cows at milking 
time, and adds considerably to the food resources. 
Labour on a dairy-farm is always a serious item, but here it is 
reduced to the minimum of necessary expenditure, owing to the 
important share of work done by the farmer and his wife. The 
hands comprise 
Waggoner at 17s. Gd. a week. House free, coals carted, &c. 20s. to 30s. 
extra for harvest. 
Cowman at 16s. Do. do. 
Irishman at 14s. Extra money at harvest. 
Boy hired by year at 6?. and food. 
The wife, assisted by her step-daughter, 13 years of age, out of 
her school-hours, does all the house-work. Three men and the 
farmer milk, at 5 A.M. and 5 P.M. Calculating the value of the 
cottages, harvest- wages, and additional help at harvest at 25Z., 
and estimating the lad's food at 95. a week, the total labour 
comes to about 180/., equal to IZ. 85. an acre. Harvest-work is 
done by 5 men, who tie and set up the corn at 6s. an acre, 
with an allowance of beer, besides helping to milk night and 
morning, and cutting roads round the fields for the reapers. 
The corn is cut by Picksley's Back-delivery Manual worked by 
the farmer, with a lad to drive the hcises. Average work, 6 to 
8 acres a day. The farmer stacks all the produce, which is 
placed on brick-staddles provided with means of ventilation, 
and very tidy work is made. 
The outlay on purchased foods and manures is very much the 
same as labour, viz., 172/. 95. in 1822, and 162/. 65. l\d. in 1883. 
The profitable character of the business may be gathered 
from the fact, that whilst the sales of produce in 1882, 
reached over 1400/., the expenditure of all kinds was only 
1097/. 35. bd. And in 1883 matters were still more promising, 
for whilst the sales realised 1395/., the outlay was reduced to 
1047/. 45. 8t?., and this with an increasing stock. On 
January 1, 1884, a valuation was made by a neighbouring 
valuer, whose figures were as follows : — 
£ s. d. 
Cattle 987 0 0 
Horses 403 0 0 
Pigs 38 0 0 
Corn in stacks 450 0 0 
Hay, mangolds, turnips, &c. . . 650 0 0 
Total .. .. £2546 10 0 
