SYNOPSIS OF THE NATURAL ORDERS. 
xxivii 
Stamens 5, syngenesious xlv. Compositce. 
Stamens 6, on base of perianth. Style 1, trifid. Fl. 
dioecious Ixxxi. DioscoreacecB. 
Stamens 6—12, epigynous. Style short. Stigma 
radiant. Ovaiy 3 — 6-celled, many-seeded. 
Ixx. Aristolochiacecp. 
Stamens 8—10. Styles 2. Ovary 1-celled, 2-beaked, 
many-seeded, opening like a cup. 
xxxvi. Saxifragacece. 
53 Sepals petal-like, deciduous. Anthers extrorse. 
i. Jiammculacece (Caltha). 
Sepals petal-like, persistent. Anthers introrse. 
i. Bammculacece (Paeonia). 
54 Fruit separating into several carpels. No perianth 55 
Fruit not separating into carpels 56 
55 Carpels 4, not bursting. Stamen 1 . 
Ixxiv. Callitrichaceae. 
Carpels 3 or 2, opening, separating with elasticity. 
Ixxii. Euqyhorhiacece. 
56 Leaves with stipules 57 
Leaves without stipules 58 
57 Stipules sheathing the stem Ixvi. Polyrjonacece. 
Stipules attached to the petiole. 
xxvi. Rosacece (Sanguisorbeae). 
Stipules free, deciduous. Ovary 1-celled. Perianth 
4 — 5-parted Ixxv. Urticacece. 
Stipules free, deciduous. Ovary 2-celled. 
Ixxvii. Ulmacece. 
Stipules free, deciduous. Ovary 1-celled. Female 
perianth scale-like, open ..Ixxvi. Cannabinacece. 
58 Flowers monoecious or dioecious 59 
Flowers perfect or polygamous 60 
59 Fruit fleshy. Male fl. each of one 2-ceUed naked 
stamen crowded together on a spadix. 
xciii. AracecB (Areae). 
Fruit fleshy. Stamens 2 or 3. Perianth of scales 
imbricated in several rows Ixxi. Empetracece. 
Fruit dry. Stamens 3 or more. Perianth tubular. 
Ixvii. Elceaynacece. 
Fruit dry. Stamens 12—20. Perianth 10— 12-cleft. 
Ixxiii. Ceratophyllacece. 
60 Perianth hardened over the fruit. 
xiv. Caryophyllacew (Sclerantheae). 
Perianth not hardened over the fruit 61 
Perianth none. Fruit compressed linear and leaflike 
at the end xlix. Oleaceae (Fraxinus). 
