42. RUBIACE.i;. 
185 
^SyTnphoricaTp' OS racemosus (Miclix.). a North American shrub, with roundish 
entire or sinuate-lobed 1., fl. in small terminal and axillary racemes, the cor. 
bellshaped pink bearded within and with large opaiiue greenish-whito 4-celled 
2-s»eded berries, is often planted in hedges. Snowbirn/.'^ 
5. Linn^'a Linn. 
1. L. horedlis (L.).—E. B. 433.— St. trailing and creeping. 
L. opposite, broadly ovate, stalked, dark green above, paler 
beneath. Peduncles long, erect, 2-flowered from short lateral 
branches with 2 — 4 leaves. Fl. drooping, flesh-coloured, purple 
within.— Woods chiefly of fir, in the North. P. VII. E. S. 
Order XLII. RUBIACE^. 
Cal. superior, entire or lobed. Cor. regular, 4 — 6-lobed. 
Stam. 4—5, alternate with the lobes of the corolla. Ovary 1, 
2-celled, with solitary erect ovules. Style 1, often bifid. Stig- 
mas 2. Fr. a didymous indehiscent pericarp. Embryo straight 
in horny albumen. — St. herbaceous, square. Many raphides. 
1. Sherardia. Cor. funnelshaped. Fr. crowned with the 
deeply 6-toothed calyx, dry. — Fl. umbellate, involucrate. 
2. AsPERULA. Cor. funnelshaped. Fr. dry. Limb of the 
calyx inconspicuous. 
3. Galium. Cor. rotate, 4-fid. Fr. dry. Limb of cal. in- 
conspicuous. 
4. RuBiA. Cor. rotate, 5- (or rarely 4-) fid. Fr. succulent., 
2-lobed. Limb of cal. inconspicuous. 
1. Sherar'dia Linn. Field-Madder. 
1. »S'. arven'sis (L.).—I1. B. 891. — St. mostly decumbent, 
branched, leafy. L. 6 in a whorl, obovate-lanceolate, acute. 
Fl. lilac, in a small sessile terminal umbel with 7 — 8 inv. -leaves. 
Cal.-segm. 4, 2 bifid, [a. cal. -teeth lanceolate acloulate accrescent; fi. 
mutica (Wirtg.) cal. -teeth triangular not aciculate not accrescent.] — Fields. 
A. v.— VII. E. S. I. 
2. Asper'ula Li)in. 
1. A. cynan'cliica (L.) ; I. 4 in a whorl linear, upper pair 
much smaller, fl. corymbose, bracts lanceolate mucronate, cor. 
rough. — E. B. 33. — Root fusiform. Stems many, diftuse or 
ascending, branched. Lowest 1. obovate ; interm. obovate- 
lanceolate ; uppermost lanceolate-attenuate. Fl. generally lilac. 
