220 
45. COMPOSIT.*:. 
*** PItyll. horny at the end, spines jialmate or pinnate. 
X 5. C- solstitidlis (L.); phyll. M,'oo//;y palmately spinous, central 
spine of the intermediate ones very loiuj needle-shaped, inner 
phyll. with a roundish scarious appendage, heads termitwl 
solitary, st. winged with the decurrent bases of the linear- 
lanceolate entire hoary leaves, root.-l. lyrate. — E. B. 243. — St. 
1 — 2 feet high, branched, spreading. Involucres sometimes 
glabrous. Fl- yellow. — Cultivated land, probably introduced. 
A. VII.— IX. Yelloiv Star-Thistle. E. 
6. C. Calcitrdpa (L.) : pliyll. glahrom palmately spinous, cen- 
tral spine strong channell ^'r/,innermost phyll. with a scarious blun t 
appendage, heads lateral sessile solitary, pappus 0, 1. deeply 
pimuitipd, lobes of the root-1. lanceolate toothed, of the stem-I. 
linear. — E. B. 125. — St. furrowed, slightly hairy, branched, 
spreading, about a foot high. Fl. purplish. — Gravelly and 
sandy places. A. VII. VIII. Co^nmoti Star-Thistle. E. 
[C. as'pe7-a(L.) ; phyll. Y)aAina,tb]y spinnons, spines nearly eqval 
3 — 5, innermost phyll. with a scarious blunt lanceolate or 
slightly spathulate appendage, heads terminal solitary, pappus of 
all the fr. in several rows, I. linear coarsely toothed narrowed 
below sessile rough, lower 1. (and those of the primary stem 1) 
broader incise-dentate with clasping auricles. — C. Isjiardi L. 
E. B. 2256. — St. procumbent; branches long slender simple 
leafy. L. slightly toothed or entire. Fl. purple.— Typical C. 
a.spera has its upper leaves sessile but not clasjjing. — Channel T. 
P. VII. VIII.] 
[C. Salaman'tica (L.) and Cleucophita (Jord.) are said to have 
been found in Jersey with C. jmnicxdata ; but I have not seen 
specimens.] 
Section 4. C ARDUINE..E. — Heads many-flowered; flowers 
all tubular. Involucre in many rows of distinct spinous phyl- 
laries. Filaments distinct. Pappus in many rows, not svr- 
roitnded by a prominent margin. 
30. Onopor'dum Linn. Cotton Thistle. 
1. 0. Acan'thium (L.) ; st. erect many-headed, I. elliptic-ol)- 
long woolly on both sides sinuate spinous decurrent, outer phyll. 
lanceolate-subulate recurved and spreading.— A". />. 977.— St. 
4 — 5 feet high, woolly, with broad spinous wing.s, bi'anched. 
Inv. nearly globose, large, somewhat cottony ; phyll. fringed 
with minute spinous teeth. Fl. purple. — Waste ground in 
South-east. B. VTtl. E. 
