376 
78. AMENTIFEEjE. 
Subord. IV. Cl'PULlFER^E. Male fl. in a catkin. Fern, 
solitary or clustered or spiked. Perianth adnate to the 
ovary (glans), with a veiy minute sometimes evanescent 
limb, surrounded by a coriaceous involucre. 
6. Fagus. Barren catkin globose. Perianth 5- or 6-fid. 
Stam. 8 — 15. Fertile 11. 2 together within a 4-lobed 
prickly involucre. Stigmas 3. Ovaries 3-cornered and 
3-celled. Nut by abortion 1 — 2-seeded. 
7. Castanea. Barren catkin long, cylindrical. Perianth 
6-parted. Stam. 8 — 20. Fertile fl. 3 within a 4-lobed 
muricate involucre. Stigmas 6. Ovarj^ 5 — 8-celled. Xut 
1-celled with 1 — 3 seeds. 
8. QtTEECUs. Barren catkin long, pendulous, lax. Stam. 
5 — 10. Perianth 5 — 7-cleft. Fertile fl. solitaiy, with a 
cupshaped scaly involucre. Stigmas 3. Ovary 3-celled. 
Xut 1-celled, 1 -seeded, surrounded at the base by the en- 
larged cupshaped involucre. 
, 9. CoEYLFS. Barren catkin long, pendulous, cylindrical. 
Scales 3-lobed, middle lobe covering the 2 lateral lobes. 
Stam. 8. Antli. l-ce/leJ. Perianth 0. Fertile fl. several, 
surrounded by a scaly involucre. Styles 2. Xut 1 -seeded, 
enclosed in the enlarged coriaceous cut involucre. 
10. Caepintjs. Barren catkin long, cylindrical. Scales 
roundish. Stam. 5 — 14. Aritk. l-celled. Fertile fl. in a 
lax catkin. Scales large, leaflike, 3-lobed, 2-flowered. 
Styles 2. Nut ovate, 1 -seeded. 
Tribe I. Salicinece. 
1. Sa'lix Linn} - Willow. 
Sec. 1. Vitisalix (Dumort.). Catkin and its leafy stalk 
usually (but not always) deciduous together, lateral, appearing 
1 See Dr Buchanan White, Scott. Sat. x. 359, and Jovrn. Linn. Soc. xxvii. 
333. 
Since tlie eighth ed. appeared a great advance has been made in the knowledge 
of this genu3. In Dr White's masterly ' Et> vision of the British Willows,' 
Joum. Linn. Soc. cited above, most of the former varieties are treated as 
merely trivial forms, a number of previously-accepted species are referred to 
hybrids ami many fresh hybrids are described. Messrs E. F. & W. R. Linton 
have is.-iued an excellent • Set of British Willows ' in which many of the hybri'i~ 
are represented. — H. & J. Ci. 
