116 American Milk- Condensing Factories. 
been described, and the plain condensed milk, in which no sugar 
is added in the manufacture. 
The factory is not now in operation. Whether this plan can 
be made successful in furnishing a uniform product equal to 
that under the Borden method is a question upon which 1 have 
not sufficient information to give an opinion. The plan has 
been presented here more for the purpose of showing a different 
method of condensing than that employed by Borden, and as a 
suggestion to inventors in the way of cheapening the machinery 
to be used in this business. 
Cost of Fitting-uj) a Factory on the Borden Method. — It is 
charged as a prominent characteristic of Americans that among 
the first questions they ask concerning any particular object 
is its cost Perhaps this may not always be in good taste, but 
among practical men, who are investigating a business with 
the view of investing capital and taking risks, it is always well 
to look expenses fairly in the face. 1 shall take up this branch 
of the subject now, because it can be discussed very properly 
with the plan of a condensing factory, in which the position of the 
machinery, &c., is illustrated, and because a general survey of a 
plan showing the rooms and their appliances would seem to be 
more in natural order for a clear comprehension of the subject 
than to separate the parts from the whole and describe each by 
itself. Fig. 2, on the next page, is a plan of the different depart- 
ments, showing the machinery required for the condensing 
operations. 
The building is 16 x 50 ieet, with verandah or shed 4 feet 
wide on two sides. The ground-floor is divided into four depart- 
ments. The first, to the right, is the can- washing room, 16 X 16 
feet, containing the hot-water washing-tank, with coil of steam - 
pipe ; the hot-water sink and scalding jacket, and the cold-water 
sink and platform for cleaning cans. The steam-pipe leads from 
the boiler to this room. The next is the receiving, condensing, 
and delivery room, 16 X 16 feet ; it contains the receiving and 
cooling tank, the heating vat, and the vacuum-pan. Tli^en comes 
the engine-room, 7 X 16 feet, containing duplex engine and 
pump, the condenser and pump, with steam-pipes leading to the 
other rooms. The rooms to the left are the coal-shed and boiler- 
room, 9 ft. 6 in. X 11 feet, where the boiler (60 horse-power) and 
the boiler-pump are situated. Communication is easy from one 
department to the other by wide doors, and the whole is arranged 
for convenience in doing tiie necessary work. 
Now the cost of this establishment is put by Professor Chace, 
of Cornell University, who obtained the estimates for persons 
j)roposing to build, as follows : — 
