118 American Milk- Condensing Factories. 
dollars. 
Erection of the building, 16 feet by 50 feet, ready for machi- 
chinery, &c 2500 
Vacuum-pan and condenser, from 3 feet to 4 feet in diameter 1800 
1 duplex 14-inch pump and engine 1500 
Piping and fitting out 1500 
1 boiler 60-horse power and fitting up 3000 
1 pump for boiler 100 
Outside water-pipes, not estimated 
Water-pipes, &c 500 
One cooling-tank for receiving and storeage 500 
One heating-tank and pipes for milk 300 
Hot-water tank and steam-pipes for washing cans, and two 
rinsing sinks 600 
1 steam-bath for scalding cans and pipes 150 
Total 12,450* 
The daily working expenses of this establishment may be 
estimated as follows : — 
dollars, oente. 
5000 gallons of crude milk, say at 12 J cents per gallon 625 
1 superintendent, per day 5 
2 men at 2 dollars per day 4 
1 engineer 2 
2 ton coal 3 
Wear and tear 2 
Taxes and insurance 50 
Interest on capital 3 
Incidental daily expenses, say 5 
Total daily expenses C49 50t 
To this may be added the value of, say, 200 gallons of crude 
milk, as an offset against waste, occasional bad milk, (Sec. 
Taking out the 200 gallons of crude milk per day as waste, we 
have remaining 4800 gallons of milk, which is condensed at a 
total cost (counting the original value of the 5000 gallons) at 
the rate of only a fraction above 13^ cents per gallon, or say 
1 cent (one halfpenny) per gallon more than the original cost of 
the milk. This would be at the rate of J cent per qniart for 
condensing, f 
On 2080 gallons — 80 gallons being allowed as daily waste — 
* Taking the dollar to be worth 4s., this would be 2490i. sterling, 
t About ViOl. sterling. 
j On submitting the above estimate of cost for condeoaing milk to Mr. Gail 
Borden, he states that sdiue of the figures are put altogether too low. To con- 
dense 5000 gallons of milk per day, lie says, would require a larger capacity of 
vacuiun-pans. wore coal, and a larger number of workmen than given in the items 
furnished to Prof. Chaw. The view.s of so expcritnce<i an operator as Mr. Borden 
must be taken us quite reliable, and I give tliem here in order to correct any wrong 
impressions that might result from a too low estimate. I endeavoured to give 
only an approximate estimate of cost. — X. A. W. 
