American Milk- Condensing Factories. 
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each. The cans are only partially filled, and are then set in a 
large vat containing cold water, the water being of a height equal 
to that of the milk in the cans Here it is stirred until the tem- 
perature of the condensed fluid is reduced to a little below 70° ; 
it is then turned into large drawing-cans with faucets, in order to 
facilitate the filling of the small cans. The drawing-cans stand 
in a room which is set apart for the purpose, and around the 
outside of which runs a table or workbench. Here the milk is 
drawn from the faucets into the small tin cans holding a pound 
each, when they go to the table and are immediately soldered 
to exclude the air. The cans next have the proper labels pasted 
upon them and are then ready for market. The work of filling 
the cans, soldering the tops, and labelling, is usually performed 
by females. A number of small soldering-furnaces are placed 
along the tables, where the girls, each with a set of soldering- 
irons, seal the cans as fast as they are brought forward by the 
fillers. 
This is the plan of operations at the Elgin factory, which is 
somewhat noted for its fine product. 
In one of the upper apartments of the Elgin factory is the tin- 
room. Here a number of females are employed making the 
small tin cans. There are machines for cutting out the circular 
parts of the can at a blow, and the putting together and soldering 
are very expeditiously effected and at the least expense, since all 
the material is purchased at wholesale prices, and the employ- 
ment of females is less expensive than that of males, while at 
the same time the work is quite as neatly and substantially made 
as at the regular shops where males are employed. 
Mr. (tail Borden's Factory at Brewster, New York. 
In December 1 visited Mr. Borden at White Plains, and 
inspected all the departments of his factory at Brewster. He has 
met with great success in the sale of his condensed milk, and 
deservedly so, because he puts upon the market only a perfect 
article. The factory at Brewster is an immense establishment, 
and every part of the business is conducted with the regularity 
of clockwork. The building is situated on a small stream, where 
there is a seven-foot fall, and the water is thus utilized for running 
the pumps, which makes a considerable saving in fuel during 
the year. The factory has two vacuum-pans, but only one 
was in operation at the time of my visit. It is a six-foot pan, 
with two coils of pipe ; and 2000 quarts of milk per hour is the 
usual rate of condensing. Mr. Borden now believes in doing 
the work rapidly, and says the sooner you can get the milk from 
