American Milk-Condensuig Factories. 
137 
rooai to the left, 22 x 22 feet; vat-room, 40 x 68 feet, contain- 
ins: the cooling-vats, cheese-vat, elevator, presses, &c., with 
steam-pipes and hose leading to various parts of the building. 
The room to the right is the pump- and wash-room, 22 x 22 
feet, with scalding and cold-water vats, vacuum-pump, .Sec., 
and containing the lower portion of the vacuum-pan projecting 
through the ceiling from above. Out of this, and along the side 
of the main buildin? is the boiler and engine room. The boiler 
is 5()-horse power. 
On the second floor of the main building (Fig. 12, p. 13(3) is 
the deliverv-room, 40 x 68 feet. Here are the heating-tanks, of 
galvanised iron or of tin, with jacketed bottom of copper, in 
which steam is admitted to heat the milk. They are each 4 feet 
in diameter and 6 feet long, rising about 28 inches above the 
floor, and extending through the floor into the room below. 
Between each two tanks is a ventilator, communicating with 
the room below and running to the roof. Openings are provided 
in each room, so as to give thorough ventilation. A track 
for the milk-car runs from the deliverv-window alongside of 
the tanks and extends to the elevator, so that as fast as the 
milk is delivered the cans are placed in the car, and thus con- 
veyed to the tanks and dumped ; or the milk may be placed on 
the lift and lowered to the room below. This room is double- 
floored, and the floors axe laid in cement, so as not to allow 
leakage. On the left is the office, 22 X 22 feet, furnished with 
desks, &c. On the right is the vacuum-room, 22 X 22 feet, 
with the vacuum-pan in the centre, the lower part of which 
extends through the floor and into the room below, where the 
condensed milk is drawn from the pan. The communication 
between the two rooms is by stairs. Here also are the condenser 
and the pumping machinery. At the back of the vacuum-room 
the canning department, where the milk mav be drawn from the 
filling-cans into pound packages, and then sealed and labelled. 
The third or upper floor (Fig. 13, p. 138), is the cheese-curing 
department, provided with racks and tables for the reception of 
the cheese. 
Near the ceiling of the basement are iron shafts connected to 
the engine by gearing, by means of which the churns are driven, 
the lift is raised or lowered at will, and power is transmitted for 
all other work requiring it. Cold spring water flows in and out 
of the cooling-vats and other water-tanks, while steam is con- 
veyed by pipes from the boiler to the heating-tanks and to other 
parts of the building as desired. The whole structure above the 
basement walls is of brick, and the boiler-chimney, 126 feet 
high, is very substantially built. Of course, a factory, embracing 
the same ground-plan could be erected much cheaper, as this 
