Blanagement of Grass Land. 
the management both of live stock and of grazing land, and the 
advantages of the improved system are such that it may be 
safely expected, to outlive any reasonable decline in the price of 
meat. The easiest kind of food to give in the field is linseed or 
cotton cake. The mixture I prefer to any other is linseed and 
decorticated cotton-cake in equal quantities. Bean-meal, too, 
moistened and rolled into balls is easily given and very effective. 
Many other kinds of feeding-stuffs either singly or in com- 
bination, will recommend themselves according to their relative 
prices in the market. Where mixed linseed and cotton-cake are 
given, the cost of the mixture at present prices would be about 
\s. 4rf. per stone ; and supposing it to be unnecessary to com- 
mence its use during the first ten weeks of the grazing season, 
whilst the grass is at its best, if 5 lbs. be given daily to each 
fattening bullock at the commencement of the last ten weeks, 
increasing the allowance to (j lbs., and for the last few weeks to 
7 lbs. per day, averaging G lbs. for the whole ten weeks, the cost of 
the artificial food would be 4Us. per head. If the land will carry 
a beast per acre, this will add 40a'. per acre to the farmer's 
expenses, and reduce correspondingly the value of the land when 
compared with that which will fatten the same number of beasts 
without artificial aid. Hence, if the very best grass land be 
supposed to be worth a rent of 5/. per acre, the land which 
requires cake for finishing the beasts ought not to be rented at 
more than 3/. per acre. These general figures will, of course, 
require adapting to each individual case to suit the great variety 
of qualities of land and other modifying circumstances. 
One of the advantages of giving cake to finish beasts, which, 
on the unassisted grass, would come out in October only half 
beef, is that the grazier is thus enabled to send his beasts to 
the butcher at full prices, instead of fattening them in the yards 
at great cost ; or, of selling them as store beasts when many 
others are doing the same, and the markets are crowded and 
depressed. In casfes where farmers occupy land not well suited 
for the growth of roots, and do not attempt to fatten beasts in the 
winter, but give cake in tlie strawyards to improve the manure, 
an<l bring out their beasts in spring in a forward » state, it 
often answers well to give cake in the early part of the grazing 
season, and so push on their cattle as to get them to market 
in June and July, when beef is the dearest, to be followed by 
younger beasts to eat up the rough grass in the autumn and 
early winter. This is excellent practice, as there is no time 
when cattle make such rapid improvement, and when the expense 
of tending them is so lifflit, as when . they are having cake or 
corn on a good jiasture. The grazier, too, who has fat catt.le in 
June, has the command of the market, and is to a great extent 
