Value of Earth-Closet Manure- 185 
Returns, &c. — continued. 
Date. 
AttacKeo. 
West Riding. 
KiUed. 1 Died. 
xveco vered. 
Pigs. 
555 
7 
S3 
509 
106 
2 
114 
Sept., 
154 
4 
135 
Dec, 
237 
•• 
18 
231 
March, 1871 
87 
90 
51 
1 
•• 
49 
Sept 
706 
18 
579 
Dec 
986 
28 
1 030 
Totals 
2 882 
8 
103 
2 737 
Sheep. 
708 
689 
23 
34 
, , Sept., 
114 
85 
Dec, ,, 
105 
100 
,, March, 1871 
125 
159 
, , Sept., 
276 
122 
Dec, ,, 
3,194 
1 
2,510 
Totals ..* .. .. 
4,545 
1 
8 
3,699 
VI. — On the Composition and Agricultural Value of Earth- 
Closet Manure. Bj Dr. AUGUSTUS Voelckee, F.R.S. 
The agricultural utilization of the sewage of towns is a problem 
which cannot yet be said to have been solved in an entirely 
satisfactory manner. 
All persons who have seriously considered the subject have 
come to the conclusion that the removal of human excrements of 
large populations from the urban districts to the country, where 
they are wanted, without creating a nuisance or injuring the 
health of the inhabitants — and the economical utilization of these 
matters for the production of food — are questions surrounded 
by numerous practical difficulties of no ordinary kind. 
In the country — in small country towns, and in isolated establish- 
ments such as county prisons, workhouses, and asylums — the 
disposal of human excretal matters presents no great difficulty ; 
but their removal from towns is generally attended with con- 
siderable expense, no matter what particular system the autho- 
rities may adopt. 
