On the Agricultural Geology of the Weald. 
267 
chosen : — " The whole district appeared to us to be sadly in 
arrear, little or no spirit being observable in landowners or their 
tenantry. Rent ranges from \Qs. to 25s. an acre, and yet we 
found that, where the land was well farmed, an average yield of 
wheat was 4 qrs. per acre. We were told of tenants being under 
covenants to reap their white-straw crops with a sickle." 
There are many farmers in various parts to whose land none of 
the foregoing complaints apply ; but changes take place very 
slowly in the Weald, and it will probably be many years before 
their example materially changes the character of the district. 
Besides the authorities given in the foregoing paper, the following papers in 
the * Journal ' of this Society may be referred to as treating of the area under 
review : — 
1848. Eutlej^ S. ' On the Management of Hops.' Vol. ix., p. 532. 
1850. Farncomhe, J. ' Report on the Fanning of Sussex. Vol. xi., 
p. 75. 
1853. Evershed, S. ' On the Improved Method of Cropping and Culti- 
vating Light Land ' (Surrey). Vol. xiv. p. 79. 
1858. Hawes, S. ' Notes on the Wealden Clay of Sussex, and on its 
Cultivation.' Vol. xix., p. 182. 
1860. Heathorn, R. ' On a Course of Cropping adopted in Kent ' (Gault 
and Lower Greensand, at Aylesford). Vol. xxi., p. 385. 
Note on the Map. — The map has been reduced from the 1-inch maps of the 
Geological Survey, which are the Ordnance Survey sheets geologically coloured. 
Eoads and canals are omitted. There is no hill shading; but a much more 
accurate idea of the contour of the country may be obtained from this map than 
by the ordinary method of shading hills and valleys. 
The uncoloured area adjoining the Upper Greensand is chalk, which rises in 
a steep hill or escarpment from the Greensani. The crest of this escaqiment 
and the corresponding line along the Lower Greensand escarpment is every- 
where the highest ground of the district. The area coloured as Weald Clay is 
chiefly a long flat plain. The Hastings Beds are rising ground, the highest 
parts of which are the sand districts described on p. 259. By bearing these 
facts in mind, and remembering further that the streams make deep and steep- 
sided valleys in the hard beds, but only broad and unimportant depressions 
in the clays, a sufficiently accurate idea of the shape of the country will be 
obtained. 
XIII, — On Swedish Butter Factories, as adapted to Small Farm 
Districts. By M. Juhlin-Dannfelt, Superintendent of the 
Royal Agricultural College at Stockholm, and Honorary 
Member of the Royal Agricultural Society of England. 
As already stated in my last communication, the Malar-Lake 
Dairy Company, Limited, the first dairy company in Sweden, 
was founded upon the principle of purchasing milk for cream- 
setting ; the cream obtained at the district milk-houses was 
