Report on the Farm-Prize Competition of 1872. 283 
six months' keep is saved in a two or two-and-a-lialf years old 
beast. As long as the suckling continues the cows are kept in 
large open yards, having one or two covered sheds in each. 
The calves are confined, to the number of five or six in a lot, 
in comfortable boxes partitioned off in these sheds, are let to 
the cows twice a day, remain with them fully an hour, and, 
as soon as they are able to eat such food, are allowed a 
supply of the best hay, pulped roots, and a small quantity of 
meal composed of two parts of ground oats and one of peas. 
The cows during the whole of this time are fed upon straw, rough 
hay, and mangolds or turnips sliced, and, when seen last February, 
were in fine condition ; in fact, they were nearly fat. When 
weaned, usually in April, the calves have an increased allowance 
of meal until about the middle of May, when they are turned out 
to grass. After being separated from their offspring the cows are 
tied in stalls, and milked for butter and cheese ; in summer they 
are grazed in the fields day and night. The young heifers are 
expected to calve in May ; the calves follow them in the pastures 
until November, when they are housed for the winter, and are 
fed for the most part on pulp and hay. At this time, also, 
the yearlings are brought in, are divided into two lots, and 
placed in the loose yards, the older lot getting sliced turnips 
'twice a day, and oat straw ; the younger division pulp and rough 
hay. In May they are again all sent to grass, the steers and less 
shapely of the heifers being stall-fed for the butcher the following 
winter. The feeding beasts have swedes or mangolds three times 
a day, meal twice, and hay three times, the last foddering of 
hay being given at 8 o'clock at night. The meal consists of 
"Tinworks bran* (or sharps), two parts; peas, or decorticated 
* This fattening substance, so highly praised by Mr. Powell, struck us as 
possessing some peculiar merits, and as being deserving of further notice. We 
therefore applied to Dr. Voelcker, who had, we were aware, examined a sample, 
aud he most kindly furnished us with the following analysis : — 
Moisture 4-380 
Oil and fatty matters 23-960 
Albuminous, or flesh-forming compounds .. 4 '750 
Starch, digestible and woody fibre 60-670 
Mineral matters (ash) 6-240 
iOO-000 
Containing Nitrogen . . . . ' 760 
Dr. Voelcker farther says: — "Tinworks bran, or Tinworks sharps, is a refuse 
from tin-plate works ; bran and sharps, together with palm oil, being employed 
in the polishing of tin-plates. This refuse is largely impregnated with palm oil, 
and possesses high fattening properties. It contains a great deal of ready-made 
fat, twice as much fatty matter, in fact, as the best oilcake. When free from 
copper and lead, it is in no way injurious to health ; but, being deficient in the 
materials which build up the muscles or lean flesh, it is better adapted for fattening 
stock than for young and growing animals. When given to these last, therefore, 
it should only be administered in moderate quantities, and along with a due 
admixture of peas, beans, or other nitrogenous food." 
