462 Report on the Trials of Implements at Cardiff. 
of seed extracted. If we wish to compare it with the power 
required to thresh corn we must, therefore, multiply the figures 
given in column 22 of Table III, by 3 (the weight of wheat 
being about one-third the weight of the sheaf corn) ; we then 
find that about five times as much power is required to shell 
out 1 lb. of clover-seed as is needed to thresh out 1 lb. of wheat 
Probably this difference is greater than would have occurred ii 
average crops of wheat and clover had been used for the trials. 
The two machines that succeeded in extracting seed have 
each been recently improved in construction by placing the 
shelling barrel under the dressing apparatus ; the power being 
applied close to the ground they now stand much steadier than 
they did with the barrel at the top of the machine. There is so 
little difference in the arrangement of parts in these two machines 
that the same drawings and description might serve almost 
equally well for either. 
No. 4231. Holmes and Sons. — The construction will be best understood bj 
referring to the illustrations given. The passage of the seed is indicatec 
hy arrows in the longitudinal section (Fig. 29). The pulley upon the righl 
extremity of the shaft of the .shelling-barrel receives the driving-belt from th( 
engine. The dram (A B) is an open cone of 4 feet 10 inches long, bearing 
wrought-iron twisted beaters ; its greatest diameter is 18 inches, and it tapen 
to a diameter of lOj inches at its smaller end ; it revolves in a conical wrought- 
iron shell, the inner surface of which is grooved. The s-pace between the drun 
and the shell is diminished by pushing the drum nearer to the small end of tin 
shell. This is effected bj^ shifting the pulleys at each end along the spindle 
U{X)n which they are fastened by set screws. Two small reversible plates an 
inserted, one on each side of the shell ; these have different groovings on eacl 
side ; when a very vigorous action is required that side of the jjlate is tumei 
iiiwards which is grooved in a different direction to the rest of the shell 
and the current of seed being diverted in its passage from one set of gi'oove 
to the other receives an extra amount of rubbing. 
The cob is placed in a trough on the further side of the machine, and i 
thence pushed by means of a small hoe to the centre of the broad end of th 
drum at A, and is drawn in by the current of air jiroduced by its revolution 
this is an improvement upon the old method of feeding at the top, for th 
current of air then checked its entrance. 
At B the seed falls from the small end of the shell into a receptacle, froD 
which it is raised by a cup-elevator to the top of the machine ; it then fall 
upon the riddle C, which removes all shivers, and conveys them through : 
side spout into a sack. The seeds and chaff passing through the riddle fal 
upon the sieves at D, and there meet a blast from the fon E, which blow 
away the chaff, while the clean seed passes to the spout F, and is deliverei 
into the sack ; the hard hulks striking against the adjusting board G fall int 
the ho])per of the shelling-barrel and are again passed through the machim 
This machine worked very steadily, and with less power than was required b. 
cither of the others ; the seed was thoroughly extracted, and without injurj 
The drum can be set to draw trefoil as well as clover. 
No. 4492. Huntand Tnwell. — The general design is similar to that of Holmes 
machine, but the drum is of much larger diameter, and measures 18 inches a 
its smaller end. The conical shell was not well fitted, and seed escaped at th 
joints. A greater quantity of rough seed was delivered into the sack, bv 
