ASTUR APPROXIMANS, Fig. 8s Horsf. 
Fig. 1. 
Mas. Ast. verticc et nucha plumheis, collo postice torque ri'fescente obscure ornafo ; cor pore supra, alls 
cauddque cineresccidi-fuscis ; huej'usco saturatiore crchre fasciatd ; remigumjiogoniis intcrnis alhis, 
fusco fasciatis ; gidd cinercscenli-J'uscd ; pvctore covporeque suhtks rufcscenti-hriinneis fasciis 
alhis notatis ; Ids fusco margmulis ; femoribus rvjis, albo crchre et irregulariter fasciatis ; rostra 
nigresceuti-conieo ; peclibusflovis. 
JUN. Capitis, riuc]icequeplui)nsfascis,rufescenti-brun7ieomarginatis; corpore svpraintense fusco, pliimis 
singulis potaiu seniilunarem rufam ad apiceiu osteiulcutihus ; caudd fused, colore sat?iratiore fas- 
ciatd, et ad apicein albescenfc ; rcmigiiia pogouiis inter ids cervinis, fusco fascialis ; guld pallide cer- 
vind, singulis pi u mis lined fused iinhedio tiotalis ; psctore pcdlide cervino fusco transvershn notato ; 
abdomine latei ibusque pallide cervhds irregulariter fusco fasciciis ; fenioribits crissoque pallide 
Tvfis, sindlaritUr fasciatis ; rostro nigrescenicfusco; pedAbus pluruheis. 
Long. tot. 19 unc. ; rostri, 1 ; aUe, 12; caudce, 10; torsi, 'i^. 
Male. Crown of the liead and nape of the neck leaden grey ; on the back of the neck an obscure 
collar of rufous brov/n ; the rema'uider of the ujiper surface, wings and tail deep gre3'ish brown; the 
latter numerous]]'- barred with brown of a deeper tint; inner webs of the primaries and secondaries 
greyish white, barred with dark broM n : tliroat greyish brown ; breast and all the under surface ru- 
fous brown, crossed with numerous white lascite, wliicli are bounded on each side witli an obscure 
line of dark brown ; thighs rufous, crossed by numerous irregular white lines ; bill blackish horn 
colour ; feet yellow. 
YouxG. Featliers of the head and back of the neck dark brown, margined with rufous brown ; the 
remainder of the upper surface deep brown, eacli feather with a crescent-shaped mark of ruibus at the 
extremity ; tail brown, crossed with obscure bars of a darker tint, and tipped with whitish brown ; 
inner webs of the primaries fawn colour, barred with dark brown ; throat ))ufl'y white, with a stripe 
of dark brown do\\ n the centre of each feather ; breast butiy white, eacli feather crossed by two bands 
of dark brown, the last of which assumes a triangular form; abdomen, and Hanks, bufliy white, crossed by 
irregular bands of dark brown, which are Ijlotched with ruibus brown in the centre ; thighs and under 
tail-coverts pale rufous, crossed by similar bands ; bill l>lackisli brown ; feet lead colour. 
Syn. Fcdco radiatus. Lath. Lid. Onu, Supp., p. xii. No. 40. — Temm. PI. Col. 123, young. 
Radiated Falcon, Lath. Gen. Llist., vol. i. p. 122, no. 153, pi. 11. 
Astur radiatus, "] 
fasciatus, /Vig. and Horsf. in Linn. Trans., vol. xv. p. 181. 
approxiiuans, J 
Remark. This bird so closely resemljles the Accipiter torquatus in external appearance that one 
description woidd nearly serve for both : the two species are however not only specifically, but ge- 
nerically distinct; the present one being a true Astur, with stout and powerful tarsi and a rounded 
tail, and the other a true Accipiter, with a square or somewhat forked tail, and very slender tarsi and 
feet, the middle toe of which, although belonging to a much smaller bird, is longer than tlie middle 
toe of the present species : in consecpience of the resemblance above alluded to, I have adopted the 
name of approximans in prel'erence to any other which has been given to it. 
Habitat. Australia : locality. New Holland. 
ASTUR NOV^-HOLLANDI/E, Pig. Horrf. 
Figs. 2 & 3. 
Ast. toto corpore cdbo ; cerd, tarsisqve f avis ; rostri apicc, et ungidbus nigris : variat corpore supra 
dnereo, subttts cdbo, fasciis cinereis crebris irregulariter notatis. 
Mas. Long. tot. 15--^- unc; rostri, 1^; cdce, 10^; caudce, 8; tarsi, 2|. 
FcEM. 20 ; , U; — , 12|; , 10; ,3^. 
The whole of the plumage pure white ; cere and tarsi yellow ; point of the bill and claws black : 
or the whole of the upper surface grey ; throat and all tiie under surface white, crossed with numerous 
irregular grey bars ; cere and tarsi yellow; point of the bill and claws black. 
Syn. Falco Norce-lioVandia:, Gmel. Syst., vol. i. p. 264 Dand. Orn., torn. ii. p. 56. — Lath. Ind. 
Orn., vol. i. p. 16. 
Falco (dhas, Shaw, Gen. Zool. vol. vii. p. 92. 
New-Holland JVliite Eagle, Lath. Gen. Syn., vol. i. p. 40. — lb., Supp., p. 12. — White's Voy., 
pi. in p. 250.— Lath. Gen. Hist., vol. i. p. 217. 
Astur NovcE-Hollandice, V^ig. and Horsf. in Linn. Trans., vol. xv. p. 179. 
Astur albus, Jard. and Selb. III. Orn., vol. i. pi. 1. 
Astur Raii, Vig. and Horsf. in Linn. Trans., vol. xv. p. 180. 
Remark. After a careful examination of a considerable number of specimens in the two states of 
plumage above described, but agreeing in all their relative admeasurements, I am led to differ from 
the opinion of most naturalists, and to consider that the two birds are strictly identical. I tind this 
difference of colouring to be common to both sexes, but the females are readily distinguishable by 
their much larger size. 
Habitat. Australia : locality. New Holland. 
