Methods of Economizing Labour. 
131 
and had also a small chaff-cutter attached to it. The whole 
arrangement is very simple. As some discussion took place as 
to the usual effect a horse could produce when working with 
this machine, some careful experiments were made on the 
machine in question, and on a well-made horse-works, in 
which the horse walked round the circle in the usual way. In 
the first experiment, one of Richmond and Chandler's oat- 
crushers or linseed mills was attached to the horse-works, with 
a dynamometer intervening to record the work done. The horse, 
walking at the rate of 2'04 miles per hour, did work equivalent 
to the raising of 33,110 lbs. one foot high per minute. During 
this experiment, at the rate the horse walked, and taking into 
consideration the angle of elevation of the platform, the horse 
would have raised himself to the height of 33 66 feet in one 
minute — that is, had the platform been stationary and prolonged 
indefinitely. The horse with his harness weighing 1084'5 lbs., 
and this multiplied by 33"66 feet, the height the horse would 
have raised himself equals 36,504 lbs., lifted one foot high per 
minute. In the second experiment, the horse walked 1"7 mile 
per hour, and did work, as sliown by the dynamometer, equi- 
valent to raising 31,350 lbs. one foot high per minute, during 
which time he would have climbed 28'21 feet, which is equivalent 
to the raising of 30,594 lbs. one foot high per minute. In this 
experiment the horse walked and worked exceedingly steadily, 
and the work he did at that time (31,350 lbs. lifted one foot per 
minute) fairly represented the work a horse can do by this 
machine. To compare the above with a common horse-works, 
the horse used in the last experiment was yoked with another of 
similar power and quality, to a two-horse power works, made by 
Mr. John Barker, of Dunnington. The power was applied to 
the same mill and dynamometer, and the work done by each 
horse was equivalent to 26,500 lbs. lifted one foot high per 
minute, being about 16 per cent, less than the duty done by 
Mr. llartas' horse- works. It was apparent to observers that the 
horses worked equally in all the experiments, and every care the 
circumstances afforded was taken to obtain the best results. 
C. E. Amos. * 
X. — On the Composition of a Mangold- Wurzel kept for Two 
Years. By Dr. AUGUSTUS Voelcker. 
Some time ago Mr. Farmer of Fazeley exhibited to the Council 
a mangold-wurzel, which was grown by him and stored in 1857, 
and again stored amongst other roots in 1858. When examined 
in May, 1859, it was found apparently quite sound. It thus kept 
apparently healthy for about two years. 
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