228 Report of Experiments with different Manures 
from steam-ploughing. At any rate, what with economical per- 
formance, improved work from the absence of trampling, and the 
three-and-a-half-mile per hour speed of the implement, the expe- 
dition and other advantages I have alluded to, it is clear that 
Mr. Redman has made a move in a safe direction ; and time 
alone can show what the effect will be in empowering him to 
adopt a higher order of culture and a reformed system of 
cropping.* 
The present Essay can be regarded only as a summary of 
progress up to the date subjoined ; and this must be its apology 
for not describing still later improvements ; nearly every week 
producing some novelty in steam-tilling machinery, or furnishing 
yet stronger evidence of its value to the farmer. 
Long Sutton, Lincolnshire, February, 1859. 
XIV. — Report of Experiments tcith different Manures on Perma- 
mnt Meadoio Land. By J. B. Lawes, F.R.S., F.C.S., and 
Dr. J. H. Gilbert, F.C.S. 
PaKTS II. III. 
(Contiuued from Vol. xix., -p. 573.) 
Pakt II. — Produce of Constituents per Acre. 
In order that the more directly practical conclusions to be drawn 
from the experiments might be brought out more prominently, 
* In the following letter to Mr. Fowler, Mr. Redman states the total number of 
acres steam-ploughed hy him in the autumn, and again during last spring : — 
Overtown, near Swindon, 17th May, 1S59. 
My dear Sir, — The set of Steam Plough Tackle you sent me, at the end of 
September last, has done good service: the more I use it the better am I satisfied 
with steam cultivation. Under no use of animal strength could the land be left 
in the mild and healthy state it at present presents. 1 have (iO acres under pre- 
paration for roots, which is in a very different condition from what it would have 
been had it been ploughed by cattle, and altogether ditt'erent to what my land for 
roots has been at this time in former years. The quantity of land ploughed by me 
with steam last autumn was 210 acres — at a cost of 112?. 10s. G(/., including inci- 
dental expenses, and a first start (this was accomplished by the 4th January) — in 
.OO working days, being 4^ acres per day, which completed our winter work. In 
future I hope to finish all autumn cultivation by the end of November. I again 
brought out the tackle in March, and ploughed above 40 acres for a neighbour; 
since which 1 have ploughed 95 acres, and scarified 14 in 21 days, or about 
5i acres per day. The cost of this I am not able to state accurately, as there are 
some bills not yet paid, but think I am safe in saying that it will not exceed 7s. 
per acre. The acreage cost I have no doubt will be much reduced when you send 
me a new set of your standard apparatus (as there will be less liability to 
casualties); this I shall be glad to have as soon as convenient 
I am, &c., 
T. II. Redman. 
