on Permanent Meadoio Land. 
267 
land, may fix on the mind of the farmer, the clear idea which 
the discussion of actual fijjures conveys, of the real amount of 
objectionable produce which he may frequently grow, unless 
proper means of reduction or eradicatioa be had recourse to. 
Attention may now be turned from the detailed consideration 
of the circumstances of development of the individual plants, to 
a statement of the more general character of the herbage under 
the different manurial conditions. In the Summary Table X. 
(p. 252) are recorded the main facts necessary to such a re- 
view ; and the most prominent results already noticed in their 
place in more detail, will supply the remainder. 
1. — Total Graminaceous Herbage. 
At the time of cutting, 76 per cent, of the produce without 
manure consisted of Graminaceous herbage. At the same period 
of time, the proportion of such hcrba<re in the total produce was 
increased to about 87f parts by farm-yard manure alone, and to 
79f parts by farm-yard manure together with ammoniacal salts. 
The produce by mineral manures alone contained scarcely 72 
per cent, of Graminaceous herbage ; 4 per cent, less, therefore, 
than the produce without manure. On the other hand, the 
produce by 4001bs. of ammoniacal salts per acre, contained 
89 per cent. ; that by the same amount of ammoniacal salts 
and mineral manures, 97^ per cent.; and that by the double 
amount of ammoniacal salts and the mineral manures, also, 97^ 
per cent, of Graminaceous herbage. 
But the Graminaceous produce itself varied extremely in 
character according to the manure employed. At a given 
period of the season, the Graminaceous herbage grown without 
manure, consisted of 66 per cent, of flowering or seeding stem, 
and 34 per cent, of leaf and undeveloped stem. At the same 
period, the Graminaceous produce by farm-yard manure, com- 
prised nearly 80, and that by farm-j ard manure and ammoniacal 
salts, rather more than 80 per cent., of culm, in flower or seed. 
Against these amounts without manure, or by farm-yard manure, 
the Graminaceous produce grown by the artificial manures alone 
was composed as follows : — That by the mineral manures alone 
contained 59 per cent, of flowering and seeding stem ; that by 
ammoniacal salts alone, only 40 per cent. ; that by the same 
amount of ammoniacal salts and mineral manure, 75 per cent. ; 
and that by the double amount of ammoniacal salts and mineral 
manure, 67 per cent., in flowering and seeding culm. 
The general result is, tJiat those manures which much in- 
creased the produce of hay, at the same time very much increased 
