On the Use of the Water-Drill. 
367 
upon what we technically term our high land farms, where hedges 
generally prevail, we have either open ponds and reservoirs, or 
pumps supplied by unfailins: springs, where ample supplies of 
water can be procured. In cases like these we find it necessary 
to purchase either some old oil casks, or what is better, because 
stronger and more durable, some old sherry butts. These we fit 
up with a sort of hopper at the top, where the water is cast into 
them, and a leather liose at the end, where the water is dis- 
charged ; this hose being made sufficiently long to admit of its^ 
being hung by a loop upon one end upon the top of the cask, when 
no discharge is required, by which means any improper escape 
of the water is avoided. These casks are placed in an ordinary 
dung-cart, and, to prevent any rolling motion, a little long soiled 
straw is placed on either side of them. This simple and inex- 
pensive method, where proper water-casks, for other uses, are 
not required, answers every practical purpose. It very seldom 
happens that more than tim of these casks are required to keep a 
drill fully at work. These will serve for a distance exceeding 
half a mile, and three would convey the full quantity of water 
required if the distance exceeded a mile. Where two only are 
required to be used one horse is ample, where three are needed 
two horses will be necessary. One cart containing the full cask 
may always be set down in the field where the drill is working, 
being careful to place it in such a position that it will not in- 
terrupt the drill in its work, but will, at the same time, be con- 
venient for use. The hose is unfastened from the top of the 
cask, and that end of it is placed in the cistern of the drill, allow- 
ing the water to continue to run until a sufficient quantity has 
been obtained, when the hose is again fastened as before. Where 
water is procured from the ditches which surround the field in 
which the drill is at work, the method adopted is very simple 
indeed. A large tub is placed at the side of the ditch just where 
the drill turns out at the end ; this tub is kept filled with water, 
the drill draws up by the side of it, and the men at once, with 
pails, fill the cistern. 
I may here remark that it has not been my practice to sow 
any kind of liquid manure from tanks, such as urine or yard 
drainings, but simply water, in which I have placed either 
superphosphate of lime, guano, or a mixture of the two. My 
general practice is to use superphosphate alone, but in a few 
instances with oats grown upon wheat stubbles, I have thought it 
desirable to supply ammonia in some form to a moderate extent, 
and have consequently sown from 1 to 1^ cwt. Peruvian guano, 
mixed with 1 cwt. superphosphate, per acre. And when this has 
been done I have had the two mixed together and riddled in 
