on Permanent Meaaow Land. 
409 
manure, excepting: forwardness and seeding tendency. But 
the mixture of the two manures — ammoniacal and mineral — gave 
an enormous increase of crop, and the amount of mineral con- 
stituents taken off an acre of land, under the influence of the com- 
bination, was nearly twice as great as that in the crop by either 
of the manures used separately. It was quite obvious, that 
where the ammoniacal salts were used alone, the available 
supply of some of the necessary mineral constituents fell short 
of the amount required for a more abundant crop. It was 
equally clear, that where the mineral manures were used alone, 
there was a deficiency of nitrogen available for the increased 
growth of the Graminaceous herbage. The results in the Table 
show that it was chiefly for its supply of potash, and next for 
that of phosphoric acid, that the mixed mineral manure was so 
efficacious in increasing the growth of the grasses, when there 
was a sufficiency of available nitrogen within the soil. They 
also point to a probable deficiency of soluble silica in the case 
of the heavier crops. 
To turn to the figures in the Table : the most striking point 
of contrast afforded by the view of the results of the five analyses 
given side by side, is the very great increase in the percentage 
of potash, wherever the mineral manure containing it was em- 
ployed. There is at the same time always a diminution either 
in the actual percentage of soda, or in its proportion to that of 
the potash, or in both these points of view. This was the case, 
notwithstanding that soda as well as potash was liberally supplied 
in the mineral manure. The preference of the growing plants 
for potash rather than soda is sufficiently manifest. And judging 
from the analogy of other crops it may almost certainly be con- 
cluded that, if all the plants of the hay had been allowed to fully 
ripen, the ash would then have contained but very little soda, if 
any at all. The increase in the percentage of potash in the ash, 
where it was supplied in manure, is at the expense of the lime 
and magnesia, though these constituents were also supplied in the 
mixed mineral manure. In fact the ash both of the produce 
without manure, and of that by ammoniacal salts alone, gave a 
somewhat higher percentage of both lime and magnesia than even 
where the mineral manures alone were used, and the produce con- 
tained so much Leguminous herbage, the ash of which is richer 
in lime and magnesia than is that of the Grasses proper. The 
percentage of lime more particularly, was still further reduced, 
when the ammoniacal salts were mixed with the mineral manure, 
by which the growth of the Grasses, demanding so much potash, 
was so much increased.* 
* It is seen that wherever the ammouiacal salts were employed, which consisted 
of a mixture of the sulphate and hydiochlorate, the amount of cJdoriiw in the 
