-15G 
Oil Pulping Roots for Cattle Food. 
rendered quite harmless when exposed to a temperature of 212° — 
the boiling-point, and the soup allowed to simmer a few minutes 
at that temperature before it is thrown over the chaff. Our 
adoption of rape-cake has been based on the comparative analysis 
by Dr. Voelcker, given below,* as the average result of his 
examination of several samples of each. These analyses, it will 
be seen, exhibit very little difference in the feeding value of 
linseed and rape cake, while the market value of the one is 
usually double that of the other. Our experience of the use of 
rape-cake, thus used, extends over a period of ten years of feeding 
from 20 to 24 bullocks annually. We have not had a single 
death during that period, and the animals have been remarkably 
free from any kind of ailment. Rape-cake not being so palat- 
able to animals as linseed-cake, we do not exceed 4 lbs. per head 
per diem ; and we add in the trough of each animal, with each 
midday feed, 2 lbs. of mixed meal. We rarely exceed this allow- 
ance, excepting in the case of very large oxen ; we commence 
Avith 1 lb. of cake per head, and increase this gradually up to 
4 lbs., when we begin mixing the meal.j We have found the 
cost, on an average, including attendance and fuel, to be 65. per 
head per week, exclusive only of the cost of the chaff-cutting. 
One man and a lad, at I85. per week, pulp the roots by a hand 
machine, and feed, litter, clean, and cook the food for 23 
bullocks, and cut and steam the roots for and feed 24 fatting 
pigs, having the chaff only cut to their hands. This just fully 
occupies their time. 
Though the nature and use of oil-cakes have no immediate rela- 
tion to the subject of pulping roots, yet, as they are in practice 
allied as food for stock, the following digression from our imme- 
diate subject may not be unacceptable to our readers. About five 
years ago we were somewhat perplexed by observing, in the pre- 
paration of our midday food for the bullocks, much difference in 
, . Linseed-cake. Eape-cako. 
Moisture 1244 10-68 
Oil 12-79 11-10 
Nitrogenized flesh-forniei-s .. .. 27"28 29-53 
Heat-giving substances .. .. 41-36 40-90 
Mineral matters (ash) .. .. 6-13 7 79 
100- 100- 
t The manufacture of an extended quantity of the best manure being a gre.-Jt 
object with iis, we do not hurry the progress of the cattle to maturity for the 
butcher ; but with animals that do not feed so fast as others, or when we have 
l)een later than usual in putting them up, we have added 1 lb. of cake and 1 lb. of 
meal to the above allowance, and distributed the compounds over four feeds 
instead of three ; — the chaff and pulped roots early in the morning— tlie cooked 
food, containing 2ilbs. of cake and \\ lbs. of meal— then pulped roots and chalf— 
and last a second feed of cooked food as before, allowing four hours' interval 
between each meal. 
