466 
On Pulping Roots for Cattle Food. 
winter as described above, graze them during the summer, and sell them off fat 
about the month of February thereafter. They do not get pulped turnips after 
being put up the second winter before being fattened off, and I have observed that 
the cattle getting 5 cwt. of pulped turnips the first winter are as soon ready for 
the butcher the second winter as those that got 1 cwt. of whole turnips the 
first winter, all other treatment being the same. 
Milk Cows. — I have fed my milk cows for a winter on pulped turnips and 
chaff or cut straw. Those not in milk were allowed i cwt. of turnips, and 
those in full milk 1 cwt. and 2 or 3 lbs. of bean-meal or other supplementary 
food mixed with the turnips and chaff per day. I observed particulai'ly that 
neither the milk nor the butter had the least taste of the turnip. 
Young Horses. — These were also fed on the pulped turnips and chaff, pre- 
pared in the same way as for the milk cows. They consumed at the rate of 
1 cwt. of turnips per day, and throve beautifully on the mixture. Before I 
pulped the turnips they got one feed of boiled turnips per day and as many raw 
ones as they could consume. There was no difference observed in their con- 
dition when fed in either way. 
Fattening Cattle. — As the feeding of these with pulped turnips would be 
verj' inconvenient, owing to the arrangement of the buildings, I have not tried 
the plan with them ; but I am convinced that it must be attended with advantage 
if properly followed out. I have repeatedly allowed bullocks, when first put 
up, to eat as many turnips as they chose to consume, and I have foimd that 
frequently oxen that would feed to say 6 cwt. would eat about 3 cwt. per day 
of white turnips. The effect of such a load in their paunches was soon appa- 
rent in the profuse diarrhoea which was sure to follow. I have no hesitation 
in saying that less than half of that quantity pulped and mixed with chaff or 
cut straw would, instead of retarding the progress of the fattening process, 
carry forward the animal in condition. I have no doubts of the advantage of 
giving a mixture of pulped turnips and chaff for the first six weeks after they 
are put up to feed. In the experiment published by Mr. Sadler, Ferrygate, he 
stated that for the first month the " lot feeding on the pulp seemed to take the 
lead." Probably the result in that experiment would have been more favour- 
able for the pulped turnips if, after the first month, the proportion of chaff or 
cut straw had been reduced. The reason why feeding with pulped turnips 
has not been attended with profit, is the gi'eat expense attending it. According 
to Mr. Sadler, the expense of pulping the turnips, cutting the straw, and pre- 
paring the mixture, was at the rate of Is. 4:d. per ton of turnips consumed ; 
and according to one experiment of Lord Kinnaird it was Is. Qd. per ton, and 
according to another 2s. Id. per ton of turnips consumed. Lord Kinnaird used 
a small steam-engine for the operation. I, with my water-power and Bentall's 
pulper, can prepare the same mixture at from id. to 6d. per ton of turnips. 
Fives. — The number of ewes kept on my farm is about 250, half-bred between 
the Leicester and Cheviots. They are cast ewes purchased every year, from 
which the lambs are sold fat and early to the butcher, and the ewes fattened off 
immediately after. Considering the class of ewes, there is almost a certainty of 
some of them wanting their teeth. Disapproving of giving them a full supply of 
turnips, and gi'udging the expense of feeding them on hay, for which I generally 
get about 51. per ton, and having always failed in my attempts to make them eat 
straw, T determined to try the root-pulping system with them. There is generally 
sufficient grass in my pasture for them till the beginning or middle of December. 
Whenever the grass becomes scanty, I commence to give them pulped turnips 
and chaff, at the rate of 10 lbs. of turnips to each ewe per day. This is 
gradually increased to 15 lbs. — more than which they seldom get till they are 
lambed, when they are allowed 20 lbs. and upwards, or, in fact, as much as 
they can consume. About three weeks before lambing I mix with the pulped 
turnips ard chaff brewer's or distiller's grains, bean-meal, crushed oats, or some 
