The Farming of Chesliire. 
61 
Swedish turnips, and some potatoes in drills, manured with farm- 
yard duno^ or crushed bones, deposited with the seed by a 
machine exclusively for that purpose, at the rate of from 12 
to 20 cwt. per acre. The turnips are usually drawn in the 
months of November and December; the tops are given daily to 
milking stock, and the bulbs are stored for the horses, cows, young 
cattle, and pigs. 
The turnip and potato crop is sometimes succeeded by wheat, 
though more generally by barley,* and the land is sown with clover 
and grass seeds in the spring. There is some risk in obtaining a 
good clover root with wheat, on account of the prevalence of the 
slug, or small snail, for the destruction of which I have found a 
slight sprinkling of lime, sown late in the evening, to answer well. 
There is also an uncertainty in having the ground in proper con- 
dition for receiving the seed, which should be sown immediately 
previous to rolling the wheat ; besides, a greater degree of 
moisture is required to cause the seed to vegetate and take root, 
than when the land has been recently stirred. If the land is to 
be pastured the following year, white Dutch clover is sown at 
the rate of 10 lbs. or 12 lbs. to the acre, with 2 lbs, of trefoil, I 
peck of perennial rye-grass, and a few meadow-grass seeds from 
the hayloft. The latter practice is not now so prevalent as for- 
merly, in consequence of an o})inion that a number of seeds from 
different kinds of weeds, as docks, thistles, couch-grass, &c., are 
conveyed amongst the meadow-grass seeds to land which has 
been cleared, at considerable expense, by the previous green crop; 
and, indeed, it is almost impossible to keep meadows free from 
such weeds, as large quantities of seeds are annually brought by 
the floods from neglected land, and deposited in the meadows. 
If the land is to be mown the first year, red clover, or a mix- 
ture of red and white, with rye-grass, is sown : the latter is pre- 
ferred, if to remain in grass afterwards, as the red clover gene- 
rally disappears the second year after sowing, and leaves a bare 
pasture if sown alone. The land remains in grass four or five 
years, when it is again broken up, and undergoes the same pro- 
cess. If it has been mown, it is generally manured afterwards 
on the green sod.f 
Of other courses pursued on sand-land dairy-farms, where the 
tillage is not so limited, the following may be cited : — 
* Norfolk, or Roundland. — Long, thin ear ; much liked by maltsters 
when fine in quality. 
C/iwa/ie/-.— Much liked; short ear, and fine straw. 
Sprat. — Very stiff" in the straw ; short, compact ear ; small grain ; stands 
well where no other sort will. 
■I" Lime, at the rate of 4 tons per acre, is a good dressing, which I have 
found to answer well. 
