234 
Observations on the various Insects 
Elater sputator, the Wireworm of tliis species is very abundant 
and injurious in meadows and pastures. 
Elater niger, the Wireworm is said to live in rotten horse-dung. 
Elater marginatus, the Wireworm of this beetle has not been 
discovered. 
Elater acuminatus, the economy of this Wireworm is not known. 
Elater longicollis, the Wireworm of this species has never beeri 
detected that I am aware of. 
Descriptions and habits of the Wireworms of some of the above 
and other species of Click-beetles. 
Some of Bouche's figures of the Wireworms appear to be in- 
accurately named, that of 
Elater niger may be correct, but the larva of his 
Elater lineatus is certainly the Wireworm of some other species. 
His Elater fulvipes may be intended for that Wireworm, and 
that of his 
Elater fulvipennis, inhabiting decayed timber, is probably cor- 
rectly named. 
Elater fulvipes, its larva described, but it is not injurious to the 
crops ; it lives two years in decaying willow-trees. 
Elater murinus, or E. niger, description of the supposed Wire- 
worm of one of those species. 
Probably ncme of the insects injurious to agriculture are free 
from j)arasites of the class Insecta. 
The Carahidce, eminently serviceable in the destruction of 
larvre, worms, &c. ; Carabus glabratus feeds upon the earthworm. 
Calosoma sycophanta upon caterpillars. 
Carabus (Stcropus) madidus destroys and feeds upon the true 
Wireworms. 
One of the true Wireworms of the " Striped Click-beetle," 
probably Elater lineatus, is inoculated with maggots, which pro- 
duce Ichneumons. 
The Click-beetles are infested with vermin, which belong to 
the Class Arachnides. 
Uropoda umhilica is a Tick which attaches itself in considerable 
numbers to the Click-beetle, called Elater ohscurus. 
Leptus Phalangii is a Tick which infests the Elater rujicaudis, 
the red-tailed Click-beetle. 
History of the False Wireworms. 
The larva or maggot of the Tipula oleracea, one of the Crane- 
flies, is improperly called a Wireworm ; it is very injurious to 
pasture-lands. 
The maggot of another Crane-fly, probably Tipula maculosa, 
was abundant in a wheat-field, feeding upon the roots. 
Descriptions of the Snake and other Millipedes which infest the 
roots of plants, and are improperly denominated Wireworms. 
