402 
Process of Warping. 
of the water from the compartment under the process, which in 
spring-tides being a larger body of water, scours out the drains, 
in neap-tides there would not be sufficient flow, and they would 
be warped up. 
The water conducted by the main drain into the embanked 
allotment is more or less divided into smaller ones, called " in- 
lets" (which vary much in size), and conducted to different parts 
of the compartment : for wherever the current, leaving a drain, ex- 
pands itself, there the greatest quantity of warp is deposited: as 
soon then as the plots of land next the mouth of the inlets have a 
sufficient quantity of warp deposited, the inlets are extended by 
what are called " call banks," which, though much smaller than 
the others, still conduct the current onward to parts not acted upon 
by the currents before, and so on according as required. One of 
the greatest niceties in warping is to have the land finished as 
level as possible, which can only be done by the strictest atten- 
tion, and by proper judgment in conducting the different currents, 
which must not be suffered to cross one another, or to meet, as 
in such a case the deposit of the warp is less, not so regular, and 
of an inferior quality. 
Care must also be taken that the currents should not be too 
strong, for in warp there is a considerable portion of sand which, • 
being the most heavy of all the particles floating in the water, 
sinks first, the lighter particles being carried on by the violence 
of the current, consequently a sand-bed is formed. These sand- 
beds, however, if covered afterwards with warp, generally are 
found to crop better than warp which may be too strong. With 
respect to the depth of warp deposited, it depends much upon the 
level of the land to be warped ; for, should the land be very irre- 
gular, in some places there would be a great deposit, and in others 
only comparatively a small one. It is generally advantageous to 
have the land to be warped as level as possible. A deposit may 
then be obtained of from 1 to 3 feet, and in some favourable 
instances it has been considerably more, but it cannot be gene- 
rally calculated on. 
It has been frequently asked what quantity may be deposited 
in a single tide. It was mentioned before that " wherever the 
current, leaving a drain, expands itself, there the greatest quantity 
of warp is deposited :" consequently the water, though allowed to 
flow over the whole of the compartment, deposits tlie warp in a 
very irregular manner. In one spring, perhaps numbering 10 or 
12 tides, as much as from 10 to lo acres have been known to have 
been warped the thickness of from 1 to 3 feet, and e\ en some- 
times more ; but the system being conducted entirely by currents, 
the general deposit of a tide or of a spring cannot be given with 
any certainty. It however sometimes is very great during a season. 
