Breeding and Blanagcmcnt of Horses on a Farm. 519 
concealed by the winkers of the bridles and the trappings that 
adorn them, and their heads are borne up by the bearing-rein, 
that they acquire the imposing appearance which, when well- 
matched, so many of them possess. When stripped, a great pro- 
portion of them appear a very different sort of animal indeed, and, 
in all probability, a smaller and a more compact sort of horse 
would go through double the quantity of work that they are ca- 
pable of enduring. Fashion, however, is to be consulted by the 
breeder to a certain extent ; and so long as he can obtain from 
job-masters a large sum for a pair of these overgrown animals, 
he will do well to breed them without reference to their being 
unequal in point of endurance to a smaller and better-formed 
sort of draught-horse. It is generally supposed that a horse 
destined for harness should not have a very oblique shoulder, as 
when so formed he is not capable of throwing so much of his 
weight into the collar as when his shoulders are more upright ; 
but it must be remembered that grand and lofty action is highly 
prized in London for the purpose of show, and not for hard work, 
aud hence a sloping shoulder is a point to be desired by the 
farmer who breeds carriage-horses for the London market ; for, 
as I have already observed, it is one which is mostly accompanied 
by high action. 
The different breeds of cart-horses that have acquired the 
greatest renown for their appearance and good qualities are the 
Suffolk Punch, generally of a chesnut-colour ; the Lincolnshire, 
or black cart-horse, principally used in London by brewers, coal- 
inerchants, distillers, and wharfingers, who are obliged to employ 
a large and powerful species of horse for the transport of their 
heavy goods ; and the Clj desdale, a breed principally confined 
to the valley watered by the Clyde — whence their name. The 
most distinctive features of the first of these breeds were, its 
extreme compactness, and its great and instinctive disposition for 
draught. The original breed is at the present day, I believe, 
almost extinct, and has given place to a somewhat lighter de- 
scription of horse, with greater nimbleness of action, and altoge- 
ther better adapted to the light soil of Norfolk and Suffolk, where 
they are principally bred. 
The black Lincolnshire cart-horse is an animal too well known 
everywhere to require any very lengthened description. He is a 
large, showy, and powerful animal, from sixteen to upwards of 
seventeen hands in height, and although, probably, too slow for 
agricultural purposes, except on heavy, tenacious, clay soils, is 
certainly well adapted to the work to which he in general is 
eventually applied, viz., to drawing heavy loads about London 
and its vicinity ; his immense size enabling him to thi'ow a vast 
weiglit into tlie collar, and to overcome a resistance that simple 
