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II, — Report on an Experimental Investigation on Anthrax and 
allied Diseases, made at the Brown Institution. By W. S. 
Greenfield, M.D., F.R.C.P., Professor-Superintendent of 
the Brown Institution. 
In my former Report, published in Vol. xvi. Part 1 of the 
' Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society,' I stated the 
results of experiments on which I had been engaged with the 
view of discovering a method of preventive inoculation of this 
disease. The experiments were then incomplete, and it was 
impossible to draw any positive conclusions from them. In 
the present Report I propose to detail the further experiments 
which I have made, and to state the conclusions at which I 
have arrived. 
The method of inoculation employed was that of injecting a 
small quantity of the blood or spleen of a rodent animal which 
had died of Anthrax — the guinea-pig being that used for the 
purpose — beneath the skin of a bovine animal. It was found 
that severe febrile symptoms were induced, but that although a 
fatal issue was sometimes apprehended, death did not ensue (save 
in one exceptional case), but a complete and rapid recovery. 
So much having been definitely ascertained, it was my object 
to discover whether any protection from subsequent attack had 
been attained ; in other words, whether the system of the animal 
was resistant to subsequent inoculation, and also what was the 
duration of the protection. For it is obvious that a procedure 
which only conferred protection for a short time would be of but 
little value in warding off the attack of so prevalent a disease 
as splenic fever. Moreover, I hoped, if opportunity offered, to 
submit inoculated animals to infection in localities where the 
disease was prevalent, in order to test the value of the inocu- 
lation in protecting from the disease which arises from con- 
tagion in the ordinary way. 
It has happened that I have been able to expose some of the 
animals which had been inoculated to a source of contagion of 
unusually defined and virulent character ; and the results have 
completely confirmed the anticipations grounded on previous 
experiments. I have been able also by comparative experiments 
to test the efficiency of inoculation in a striking manner. 
In the course of these experiments it has been my endeavour 
to ascertain whether any modification of the poison of the disease 
could be artificially produced without the employment of animals 
for the production of the modified virus. With this object I 
have made a series of experiments, cultivating the virus arti- 
