AntliraXy Sfc, made at the Brown Institution. 
33 
material, as before stated, was quite inert. But it was thought 
possible that the inoculations with a very attenuated virus might 
possibly have conferred a certain degree of protection, and more 
importance was attached to the slight rise of temperature ob- 
served at the time of the first two inoculations than proved to 
be warranted by subsequent inspection of the entire temperature 
record. 
Three months (thirteen weeks) having elapsed since the first 
inoculation, and both animals being in perfect health and with 
normal temperature, an opportunity occurred for direct inocula- 
tion with very virulent material. This was the blood of a 
man who had died of general anthrax, of the form known as 
" wool-sorters' disease," a disease identical with the splenic 
fever of cattle, and produced by the contagion derived from the 
skin and hair of animals which have died of splenic fever. I 
shall have occasion, later, to refer to this disease, and to the 
important bearing which the facts revealed by the inquiry in 
which I have been engaged on behalf of the Local Government 
Board have upon the prevalence and spread of the disease 
amongst cattle. 
The blood u^ed for the inoculation was taken from the body 
twelve hours after death, and received by me and used thirty-six 
hours after death. It was still fluid and of natural colour. Both 
the red and white corpuscles appeared natural. In it were seen 
a few very long motionless bacilli, varying in length from j^g^h 
to yg^th inch, and about 2(rooo*'^ inch in diameter. They 
were motionless, curved or fiexuous, being thrown into curves 
by the movements of the fluid in which they floated. By the 
aid of reagents, or with special illumination, they could be seen 
to be made up of shorter segments, not yet separated, these 
segments being of the usual length of anthrax rods commonly 
seen in the blood of animals. No spores were seen either in 
the rods themselves or free in the blood. There was no putre- 
factive odour in the blood, nor were any other bacteria discovered 
in it. Inoculation of rodents gave rise to typical and rapidly 
fatal anthrax, differing in no respect from that produced by 
similar inoculation from bovine splenic fever. It is important 
to mention these facts, 'as evidence that the symptoms produced 
were not of the nature of ordinary septicaemia from putrid blood, 
nor any other communicated human disease. 
Of this blood half a drachm was injected into each of the two 
heifers C and D, the quantity in each case being divided into 
two parts and separately injected into the subcutaneous tissue, in 
order to ensure a more complete absorption. 
The results are most strikingly shown by a comparison of the 
VOL. XVII. — S. S. D 
