Anthrax, ^'c, made at the Brown Institution. 39 
sewage from the village is conducted, and the disease was 
believed bj tlio veterinary surgeon to be splenic fever. During 
the month of June two sheep also died suddenly, it was be- 
lieved from anthrax, but it was not until the end of June that 
further fatal cases appeared in cattle. 
On June 30th, a cow which was grazing in the same field as 
the previous case was found dead, and a post-mortem examina- 
tion was made twenty hours after death, which, together with 
subsequent microscopic examination and experiments by myself, 
proved the case to be one of anthrax in its most virulent form. 
On July 4th another cow died, with similar evidence of death 
from anthrax. 
On June 29th, a boy who was engaged in the mill, and was 
known to have come in contact with some of the wool which 
was being washed on June 23rd, was found to be seriously ill 
with malignant pustule. 
The coincidence of the occurrence of these cases in cattle and 
the cases in the men employed at the mill, led to a more strict 
investigation of the precise local conditions, and to these we 
must now return. I shall briefly state all the most important 
facts observed on a personal inspection, as their comprehension 
is necessary for the proof of the case of carriage of the contagion 
by the sewage. 
At the mills, which are situated nearly a mile from the farm, 
the wools used are almost solely mohair from Constantinople 
(chiefly " Van" mohair), and English wool. The sorting is 
conducted in a long room, where over thirty men are employed, 
and the wool is stored in bags along the side of the room. , The 
sorting is done upon " tables " made of wire-netting, through 
which the dust and short hair fall into a receptacle beneath. 
From time to time these dust-bins beneath the tables are emptied, 
and the dust is mixed with night-soil, and used as manure on 
the farm connected with the mill. At other large mills this 
dust is sold for a similar purpose, and, as it contains a large 
quantity of animal matter, it is highly valued as manure. At 
the particular mill in question, large heaps of this dust lie about 
the yard until required for use. 
The washing of the wool is conducted in a separate building, 
and is chiefly applied to the worst kinds of Van mohair. It is 
done by hand in long shallow troughs, into which hot water is 
poured by a pipe ; but the temperature is probably never over 
100° F. to 110° F. ; viz. such a temperature as can readily be 
borne by the hand. Soap is used in this washing. 
From the washing-trough all the water passes into two large 
vats or cisterns close by, which measure 15 feet by 20, and 
about 10 feet deep. In these vats the water is allowed to 
