132 
The Principles of Horse-Slioeimj. 
number of days the animals were kept on the land, and the total 
increase in live-weight yielded : 
Increase in Live- 
weiglit. 
Ti-OTS. lbs. 
(Fed-off by 15 sheep, with 672 lbs. decorticated) 
cotton-cake; 10 sheep on land 141 days and[ 26I5 
5 sheep 18 days ) 
2 jFed-off by 15 sheep, with 728 lbs. maize-meal;) 01 gi 
\ 10 sheep on land 141 days and 5 sheep 18 days J * 
g J Fed-offby 15 sheep, without other food ; 10 sheep) 01 ni 
( on land 141 days and 5 sheep 18 days .. .. ) " '■' 
^ (Fed-off by 15 sheep, without other food ; 10 sliecp) 31^31 
\ on land 141 days and 5 sheep 18 days .. ..) 
The barley with which the clover-seeds were sown in the 
preceding year was much lighter on plot 4 than on the three 
other plots. The clover on plot 4, being less covered than on 
the other plots, was a much stronger plant and yielded more 
food, which accounts for the greater increase in the live-weight 
of the sheep which fed-off the clover-seeds on plot 4. 
On the whole, the sheep did not do as well on clover-seeds in 
1880 as in the preceding year. In 1879 the sheep were put on 
the clover for the first time three weeks later than in 1880, and 
the interval between their going over the clover the second and 
third time, owing to the slower growth of the clover in 1879, 
was longer than in 1880. When the sheep were put on the 
clover on the 30th of April, 1880, the herbage was so abundant 
that 5 additional sheep had to be put on the land in order t«> 
keep down the clover, and the abundance of rain in June and 
July in 1880 encouraged a very rapid and luxuriant second and 
third growth ; but notwithstanding its luxuriance, the clover 
appears to have been less nutritious than the more gradually 
grown and no doubt more matured produce of 1879. 
XIII. — TJie Principles of Horse-Shoeing. By Geoege Fleming, 
F.R.C.V.S., Army Veterinary Inspector. 
The necessity for protecting the foot of the horse from undue 
wear has been recognised, more or less, in all countries from the 
earliest times, and the amount and kind of protection have been 
dependent not only upon the soil and climate of the different 
regions in which horses have been largely utilised, but also 
upon the ingenuity and resources of the people who employed 
them. 
