Report on Liver- Rot, 
149 
and flabby, not having the clear bright appearance of ordinary 
healthy veal. I showed the liver to two butchers in Andover 
(who can vouch for the truth of my statement), and they both 
said they had never seen such a thing before and were very 
much surprised at it, I did not show it to anyone else, as 
I did not wish a talk made about it, as there has been so 
much said about diseased meat that my shop would have 
been looked on with suspicion, but I doubt if any butcher, 
with any considerable amount of business, has passed this last 
winter without having a great many unsound animals through 
his hands." 
Mr. Richard Pike, butcher, Stour Probost, certifies having 
killed in May 1880 two calves, and finding flukes in their livers. 
Mr. Aubrey, Veterinary Surgeon, of Salisbury, corroborates the 
fact, and sent portions of the livers and some of the flukes to 
Professor Simonds. Being appealed to for further information 
on the subject, ]\Ir. Aubrey forwarded to me (February 19th, 1881) 
the following letter : — 
" I can speak most positively as to those two livers I examined 
for Mr, James Rawlence. In the first the flukes w ould not have 
been discovered by a casual examination, as I failed to find 
them by opening the large biliary ducts, but upon cutting the 
liver in thin slices I found two well-developed flukes, in fact 
divided them in the act of cutting, and Mr. Newton (a pupil of 
jVIessrs. Rawlence and Squarey) was present at the examination. 
In the second case I also found two flukes in one of the large 
ducts, but I understood the butcher had removed several others 
before. Of course I know nothing of the history of the animals, 
but the livers appeared to be from calves about five or six 
weeks old ; the weight of one was 4^ lbs., and I could not detect 
any alteration in the structure of the gland. I had no opportu- 
nity of examining Mr. Read's calf at New Court, Downton, but 
I saw its mother, which was an Alderney cow, in perfect health, 
and I found that the shed where the calf was reared was in close 
proximity to a pond between two pastures, and from which the 
cow drank daily, and I think it very probable, as I suggested to 
Professor Simonds, that she got some of the penultimate forms 
of the fluke at the pond and the calf licked them off her. I 
forwarded some of the pond water to Mr. Simonds, but did not 
hear the result of his examination." 
Bearing on this subject Mr. Joseph Stratton, Manningford 
Bruce, Marlborough, communicated to Mr. James Rawlence, 
particulars of a white steer : — 
" Calved April 30th, 1878 ; never out of the house since his 
birth ; the only green food he ever tasted was a small quantity 
of grass taken to him for only two or three weeks last summer, 
