226 Jersey Cattle and their Management. 
and shortest time she would hold it. His system was pro- 
nounced infallible by the Agricultural Committee of Bordeaux 
in 1837, later by other Agricultural Societies, and he was 
honoured and rewarded. Those also who have recently studied 
the intricacies of the system pronounce it a most excellent guide 
in estimating dairy properties ; and, though introduced into the 
Jersey shows so lately as 1874, it is rapidly gaining adherents, 
and breeders are qualifying themselves to judge by it. In 
America the system has also received considerable attention. 
Having thus endeavoured to show the manner by which the 
Island breeders improved their native cattle, it is necessary to 
show the progress which the breed has made in this country 
during the present century. As far back as 1794 an experiment 
was tried in Kent between a large home-bred cow, doubtless a 
Suffolk, eight years old, and an Alderney, two years old. The 
cow in seven days gave 35 gallons of milk, which made 10^ lbs. 
of butter ; the Alderney 14 gallons, which made 6| lbs., or 
more than double the amount of ounces of butter to the gallon 
of milk. In writing the history of the Jersey cow in this 
country, it is difficult to distinguish between the Jersey and the 
Guernsey, and even the Brittany ; for all the Channel Islands 
cattle bore the common name of Alderney, an island that 
supplies a very small number (scarcely a hundred annually), 
and whose breed now, by the use of Guernsey bulls, has become 
larger and coarser than the fine deer-like Jersey. The difference, 
too, between the Jersey and Guernsey has become very much 
more marked of late years, both in size and colour, and par- 
ticularly the head, horns, and nose. The Jersey is the smaller 
animal, finer in its limbs, neater in its frame, and more thorough- 
bred-looking in appearance ; the horns are thinner and more 
crumpled, the face finer, slightly concave, and more docile and 
intelligent in appearance. The eye is bright, black, often 
with a white rim, and the muzzle intensely black, also with a 
light-coloured rim round it. This is one of the most striking 
differences between the Jersey and Guernsey, the latter having 
usually a flesh-coloured or stained nose, and a lightish yellow 
and white body, being larger of stature, and coarser of limb. 
The yield of milk too is larger in the Guernsey, yet there is 
little, if any, difference in the yield of butter ; indeed, some 
contend that the Jersey will yield more butter, and is a smaller 
consumer of food. Be this as it may, there is no question as to 
the Guernsey giving the larger yield of milk ; and when large 
yields are spoken of as coming from an Alderney cow, it is 
more often found to be from a Guernsey than a Jersey. Guernsey 
cows have occasionally been taken into Jersey ; but crosses be- 
tween the breeds have not been successful ; the yellow colour 
