232 
Jersey Cattle and their Management. 
dose of medicine, chiefly salts and bran mashes, and is kept low, 
being moved about occasionally to relieve the bowels. In two or 
three days she gets hay and a little powdered cake. The calf is 
found to do better if allowed to remain running with the dam a 
week or ten days, but the cow is milked daily. Afterwards 
the calf gets new milk three times a day for about three weeks, 
then two parts new and one skim. Oatmeal gruel is then 
given with about five quarts of milk, and the calf is gradu- 
ally taught to eat with powdered cake and fine hay. The 
gruel is thinned until water is substituted ; and the calf is 
allowed to run out in a paddock in good weather, coming in 
once a day to feed and rest, for by galloping about when so 
30ung they are apt to run off flesh. In winter they live in 
large boxes or barns. Rock salt is put into their mangers as 
well as a few lumps of crumbled chalk, which they readily lick. 
Tucker's pails are used for feeding ; and by preventing a large 
quantity of fluid being drunk at once, blowing and indiges- 
tion is saved. Scour, which frequently comes on, is relieved 
at once by giving a tablespoonful of linseed oil, and an hour 
afterwards a tcaspoonful of bicarbonate of potash dissolved in 
water. These remedies break up the curd which causes the 
irritation in the bowels. 
The cows go out in all weathers when the land will carry 
them. They are kept in a shed with a moveable front, which 
can either be taken away in hot weather or closed in cold. 
Windows above are kept open day and night, except in 
extremely severe weather ; for the yield of milk is, in a great 
degree, regulated by the warmth of the animal. Mr. Simpson 
believes in rearing young animals well, and keeping both cow 
and bull with a plentiful supply and occasional change of food. 
Roots, turnips, mangolds, carrots and parsnips, with hay, straw, 
and chaff are allowed ; ample exercise is given. Cows are kept 
from service until the eighth or ninth week or third period after 
calving ; and much stress is laid on the benefit of injecting a 
weak solution of Condy's fluid or carbolic acid soon after 
parturition. 
The quantity of milk given is weighed. This has been found 
a more accurate method than measuring, for men, however 
careful, are apt to be misled by the froth, 10 lbs. weight are 
equal to 1 gallon imperial measure, and 1 lb. of butter can 
ordinarily be made from about 15 to 17 lbs. of milk. One of 
Mr. Simpson's best cows gave, after calving her second calf, 
from April 10th to the end of February, 9202 lbs. of milk ; 
whilst another cow, seven years old, after calving January 21st, 
gave the week entling February 20th, 284 lbs. of milk. 
From this, after standing thirty-six hours in shallow vessels, 
