Report on Cheese-making in Derhysliirc. 
535 
bushels thus put away on some farms. There is no doubt 
that brewers' grains make a most excellent food for milch cows, 
either given by themselves or mixed with meal, chaflF, &c., and 
that thus the farmers are enabled to guarantee good supplies of 
milk in the winter, when it is of so much higher value than in 
the summer months. 
Of course, whether the Id. per 8 pints, which, after the pay- 
ment for carriage, is about the sum returned to the producer 
from the 1st of April to September, is the most that can be made 
of it, is a very interesting and important question. Taking 
the figures given in the valuable paper on ' Dairy-farming,' 
by Mr. J. C. Morton, published in No. 28 of this 'Journal,'* 
we find that 21 pints of milk = 2| gallons, will make 1 lb. 
of butter, which, if well made, would, on the average of 
years during those months, be worth at least Is. 2x1., there would 
then be left 2 gallons of skimmed milk, worth, either to make 
into cheese (and sold when three weeks old), 3rf. per gallon ; for 
fattening pigs or rearing calves, or certainly to sell as a most 
wholesome and nutritious beverage, 3f/. to 4rf. per gallon. The 
above 2 gallons of whey (and buttermilk) should, if cheese is 
made of it, be worth \d. for mixing with meal for pigs, making 
thus for the products of the 2^ gallons Is. 10c?., being fully 
9>\d. per gallon. 
If made into fine Cheddar cheese, and taking 10 gallons for 
the production of 9 lbs. of it when ripe, worth say 77s. per 
112 lbs., and placing a value of Id. per gallon for the whey and 
manure made from it, a similar return of %\d. per gallon is 
secured. Against the expenses connected with the butter or 
cheese-making, there is the cost of sending milk twice daily to 
the station, which, if 2i miles distant, making 10 miles daily, 
would be nearly one horse's work ; this, with the wear and tear 
of the churns, caused mainly by the careless way they are 
handled on the railway platforms, would be a full equivalent. 
In the immediate vicinity of large populations, where the 
morning's and evening's milk can be supplied hot from the cow 
to the consumer, at the minimum expense of carriage, the sale 
of milk at Is. per gallon is by far the most profitable mode of 
disposal. Towns are as yet much better supplied than rural 
districts. This is now being remedied, and the milk-cart taking 
its daily rounds is very common in our villages ; the retailer 
gives %d. per gallon, and delivers it at ?>d. per quart in quantities 
as required. 
The immense extension of the trade in milk during the last 
few years is a source of great congratulation ; it is known to 
* Second Series, vol. xiv. Part II., 1878, p. 647. 
VOL. XVII. — S. S. 2 0 
