VIOLA, 
flat membrane. Ovary 1 -celled with 3 parietal plaeentas. Style 
with a hooded stigma. Caps, with 3 valves. Embryo straight, 
in fleshy albumen. 
1. Viola. Sej). 5, extended at the base. Pet. 5, unequal, the 
lower one j)rodueed into a hollow spur behind. Stam. 5. 
Anth. combined into a cylinder, 2 lower ones spurred behind. 
1 . Viola Linn. 
* Stemless or nearly so. 
1. V. palustris (L.); anth. -cells nearly parallel, anth.-spurs 
short thick rounded, spur of the cor. very short obtuse, 1. reni- 
form-cordate glabrous. — E. B. 444. R. 4491. — Antherine spur 
concave below, convex above ; anth. -cells slightly separated be- 
low. FI. jiale lilac with purple streaks. Sometimes the petioles 
are slightly hairy but usually glabrous. — [In V. aliginosa (Schr.) 
wdiich is closely allied to this the anth. -spur is longer, much less 
curved and more narrowed at the end and the sti])ules adnate.] — 
Bogs in mountainous districts. P. IV. — VI. Marsh Violet. 
[I have reason to think that an imperfect specimen of Viola 
from the island of N. Uist, S., is the V. epipsia (Led.) Fries, 
which has short ped., longer free stip. and cordate adpressed- 
dentate leaves.] 
2. V. odorata (L.) ; anth. -cells diverging below, anth.-spurs 
lancet-shaped decurved blunt, spur of the cor. obtuse straight, 
lateral ])et. entire lower one emarginate, 1. cordate, scions creep- 
ing. — E. B. 619. R. 4498. — Anth.-spurs n.arrow'ed to an obtuse 
point. Spurs of the pet. inflated tow'ards the end, slightly 
channeled above. FI. purple, often white, sweet-scented. Bracts 
above the middle of the flowerstalk. Petioles with deflexed hairs. 
Lateral pet. with a hairy line which is sometimes ivanting wiien 
the plant becomes V. imberbis Leight. Caps, globose dowmy. — 
Common. P. III. IV. Sweet Violet. 
3. V. hirta (L.); anth.-cells diverging below, anth.-sjmrs nearly 
linear obtuse, spim of the cor. obtuse hooked at the end, pet. 
entire or slightly emarginate, 1. cordate, scions wanting. — E. B. 
894. R. 4493. — Sep. obtuse. Anth.-spurs scarcely broader at 
the base than at the apex. Sj)ur of the petals comjiressed, not 
channeled. FI. pale blue, sometimes white, scentless. Lateral 
pet. usually with a hairy line. Bracts below the middle of the 
flowerstalk. Stip. not hispid at the margin. Petioles with 
spreatbng hairs. Caps, globose, downiy. — (3. calcarea (Bab.); fl. 
smaller, ped. much longer than the leaves, sep. oblong-ovate 
obtuse. — Common on limestone. /3. Gogmagog Hills, Cambridge. 
P. IV. V. Hairy Violet. 
