36 
9. VIOLACE.E. 
**With an evident stem. 
4. F. si/foaiica (Fries) ; anth. -cells parallel, aiith. -spurs lancet- 
shaped acute, spur of the cor. cylindrical obtuse, 1. cordate more 
or less acute, stij)} lanceolate-attenuated fimhriate-ciliate much 
shorter than the petioles, primary st. short and barren with ac- 
cessary flowering branches, caps, oblong acute glabrous. — R. 4503. 
R. riviuiana R. 4504 ? V. sylvestris Koch. — FI. blue or rarely 
white, scentless. — Common? P. IV. V. E. S. 
5. V. canina (L.); anth. -cells parallel, anth.-spm-s lancet- 
shaped acute, spm- of the cor. obtuse, 1. cordate-ovate or -oblong, 
stip. lanceolate entire ciliate or dentate, primary st. elongated, 
caps, truncate-obtuse apiculate — E. B. 620. — Spurs of 
the ])et. inflated in their lower half, slightly channeled above. 
FI. blue or rarely white, scentless. L. acute. Stip. usually oblong- 
lanceolate.— (3. pusilla ; 1. roundish-cordate rather acute small, fl. 
1^'ge, base of the stems woody. V . jiavicornis Sm., E. B. S. 
2736. — y. montana; similar to (i. but with the 1. cordate-oblong. 
V. montana Linn. — 6. Ruppii; 1. cordate-ovate subattenuated 
above and slightly narrowed into the petiole, stip. large incised, 
base of the stem woody.— Common. P. IV. V. Dog Violet. 
6. V. lactea (Sm.); anth. -cells parallel, anth.-s))urs lancet- 
shajjed acute, spin of the cor. obtuse, 1. ovate-lanceolate-atte- 
nuate rounded below and narrowed into the petiole : lowermost 
cordate, stip. linear-lanceolate inciso-serrate shorter than the pe- 
tioles, caps, oblong acute glabrous. — E. B. 445. — St. erect, 
sim2)le. Fl. pale, scentless. L. equally attenuated to an acute 
point. To be carefully distinguished fi’om V. canina, d. Ruppii 
which is often taken for it and has probably given rise to the 
opinion that this j)lant changes into V. canina. See Fries Mant. 
iii. II8-I27. — Roggy heaths. P. IV. — VI. E. 
7. F. (Iluds.) ; anth.-cells nearly anth.-spurs 
elongated filiform, spur of the cor. as long or longer than the ca- 
lycine ajipendages, sep. acute, 1. crenate-serrate lower ones ovate- 
cordate, upper 1. ovate or lanceolate, stip. palmate-pinnatifid : 
terminal lobe linear or linear-lanceolate entire, st. ascending. — 
E. B. 721. R. 4519. — Fl. wholly yellow, yellow with the 2 iqjper 
petals purj)le or wholly purple, varying greatly in size. Caps, 
globose. All the lobes of the stip. of nearly equal size, lateral 
ones (usually 3 on one side and 1 on the other) all sjn-inging 
from near the base of the stij)., the terminal lobe narrow and 
always quite entire but sometimes considerably larger than the 
others. — R. Curtisii; stems angular rough, lower part of the stip. 
’ The stiiiules on about the middle of the stem should always be ex- 
amined in determining the species of Viola, the others are variable in 
form. — See Ann. Nat. Hist. x. 100. — Trans. Bot. Soc. Edin. i. 75. 
